I need a select which would return results like this:
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 word2 word3'
And I need all results, i.e. this includes strings with 'word2 word3 word1' or 'word1 word3 word2' or any other combination of the three.
All words need to be in the result.
Rather slow, but working method to include any of words:
SELECT * FROM mytable
WHERE column1 LIKE '%word1%'
OR column1 LIKE '%word2%'
OR column1 LIKE '%word3%'
If you need all words to be present, use this:
SELECT * FROM mytable
WHERE column1 LIKE '%word1%'
AND column1 LIKE '%word2%'
AND column1 LIKE '%word3%'
If you want something faster, you need to look into full text search, and this is very specific for each database type.
Note that if you use LIKE to determine if a string is a substring of another string, you must escape the pattern matching characters in your search string.
If your SQL dialect supports CHARINDEX, it's a lot easier to use it instead:
SELECT * FROM MyTable
WHERE CHARINDEX('word1', Column1) > 0
AND CHARINDEX('word2', Column1) > 0
AND CHARINDEX('word3', Column1) > 0
Also, please keep in mind that this and the method in the accepted answer only cover substring matching rather than word matching. So, for example, the string 'word1word2word3' would still match.
With MySQL:
-- Split @str by @sep
-- Returns all parts
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] (
@sep CHAR(1),
@str VARCHAR(512)
) RETURNS TABLE AS RETURN (
WITH Pieces(pn, start, stop) AS (
SELECT
1,
1,
CHARINDEX(@sep, @str)
UNION ALL
SELECT
pn + 1,
stop + 1,
CHARINDEX(@sep, @str, stop + 1)
FROM Pieces
WHERE stop > 0
)
SELECT
pn AS Id,
SUBSTRING(@str, start, CASE
WHEN stop > 0
THEN stop - start
ELSE 512
END) AS Data
FROM Pieces
)
Search words word1, word2, word3 into MyTable.Column1:
-- Create a temporal table (the Data size depends on the length of the word)
DECLARE @FilterTable TABLE (Data VARCHAR(512))
-- Get different and unique words for the search
INSERT INTO @FilterTable (Data)
SELECT DISTINCT S.Data
FROM fnSplit(' ', 'word1 word2 word3') S -- Contains words
-- Search into "MyTable" by "Column1"
SELECT DISTINCT
T.*
FROM
MyTable T
-- Matching records
INNER JOIN @FilterTable F1 ON T.Column1 LIKE '%' + F1.Data + '%'
-- Is some word not present?
LEFT JOIN @FilterTable F2 ON T.Column1 NOT LIKE '%' + F2.Data + '%'
WHERE
-- Is some word not present?
F2.Data IS NULL;
Instead of SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 word2 word3', add And in between those words like:
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS 'word1 And word2 And word3'
For details, see CONTAINS (Transact-SQL).
For selecting phrases, use double quotes like:
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 CONTAINS '"Phrase one" And word2 And "Phrase Two"'
P.S.: You have to first enable Full Text Search on the table before using contains keyword. For more details, see Get Started with Full-Text Search.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE
Column1 LIKE '%word1%'
AND Column1 LIKE '%word2%'
AND Column1 LIKE '%word3%'
Changed OR to AND based on edit to question.
If you are using Oracle Database then you can achieve this using a contains query. Contains queries are faster than like queries.
If you need all of the words
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 and word2 and word3', 1) > 0
If you need any of the words
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1,'word1 or word2 or word3', 1) > 0
Contains need index of type CONTEXT on your column.
CREATE INDEX SEARCH_IDX ON MyTable(Column) INDEXTYPE IS CTXSYS.CONTEXT
If you just want to find a match.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR('word1 word2 word3', Column1)<>0
SQL Server:
CHARINDEX(Column1, 'word1 word2 word3', 1)<>0
To get exact match. Example: (';a;ab;ac;',';b;') will not get a match.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE INSTR(';word1;word2;word3;', ';'||Column1||';')<>0
One of the easiest ways to achieve what is mentioned in the question is by using CONTAINS with NEAR or '~'. For example, the following queries would give us all the columns that specifically include word1, word2 and word3.
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1, 'word1 NEAR word2 NEAR word3')
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE CONTAINS(Column1, 'word1 ~ word2 ~ word3')
In addition, CONTAINSTABLE returns a rank for each document based on the proximity of "word1", "word2" and "word3". For example, if a document contains the sentence, "The word1 is word2 and word3," its ranking would be high because the terms are closer to one another than in other documents.
We can also use proximity_term to find columns where the words are inside a specific distance between them inside the column phrase.
The best way is making a full-text index on a column in the table and use contain instead of LIKE
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE
contains(Column1, N'word1')
AND contains(Column1, N'word2')
AND contains(Column1, N'word3')
Here's an example of a SQL Server function that allows you to search for a variable number of words in a column:
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.ContainsAllWords
(
@inputString NVARCHAR(MAX),
@searchWords NVARCHAR(MAX)
)
RETURNS BIT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @result BIT = 1;
-- Check if each word exists in the input string
WHILE CHARINDEX(' ', @searchWords) > 0
BEGIN
DECLARE @currentWord NVARCHAR(100);
SET @currentWord = SUBSTRING(@searchWords, 1, CHARINDEX(' ', @searchWords) - 1);
SET @searchWords = SUBSTRING(@searchWords, CHARINDEX(' ', @searchWords) + 1, LEN(@searchWords));
IF CHARINDEX(@currentWord, @inputString) = 0
BEGIN
SET @result = 0;
BREAK;
END
END
-- Check the last word
IF LEN(@searchWords) > 0 AND CHARINDEX(@searchWords, @inputString) = 0
BEGIN
SET @result = 0;
END
RETURN @result;
END
GO
This function takes two parameters: @inputString, which is the column value you want to search within, and @searchWords, which is a space-separated string of words you want to find in the @inputString.
You can then use this function in your query as follows:
SELECT *
FROM MyTable
WHERE dbo.ContainsAllWords(Column1, 'word1 word2 word3') = 1;
This query will return all rows where Column1 contains all the specified words in any order.
Please note that this function assumes that the words in the @searchWords parameter are separated by spaces. If you have a different word delimiter, you may need to modify the function accordingly.
Execution example:
For reference, the query was run in dbForge Studio for SQL Server
Use "in" instead:
Select *
from table
where columnname in (word1, word2, word3)
This should ideally be done with the help of SQL Server full text search if using that.
However, if you can't get that working on your DB for some reason, here is a performance-intensive solution:
-- table to search in
CREATE TABLE dbo.myTable
(
myTableId int NOT NULL IDENTITY (1, 1),
code varchar(200) NOT NULL,
description varchar(200) NOT NULL -- this column contains the values we are going to search in
) ON [PRIMARY]
GO
-- function to split space separated search string into individual words
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fnSplit] (@StringInput nvarchar(max),
@Delimiter nvarchar(1))
RETURNS @OutputTable TABLE (
id nvarchar(1000)
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @String nvarchar(100);
WHILE LEN(@StringInput) > 0
BEGIN
SET @String = LEFT(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(@Delimiter, @StringInput) - 1, -1),
LEN(@StringInput)));
SET @StringInput = SUBSTRING(@StringInput, ISNULL(NULLIF(CHARINDEX
(
@Delimiter, @StringInput
),
0
), LEN
(
@StringInput)
)
+ 1, LEN(@StringInput));
INSERT INTO @OutputTable (id)
VALUES (@String);
END;
RETURN;
END;
GO
-- this is the search script which can be optionally converted to a stored procedure /function
declare @search varchar(max) = 'infection upper acute genito'; -- enter your search string here
-- the searched string above should give rows containing the following
-- infection in upper side with acute genitointestinal tract
-- acute infection in upper teeth
-- acute genitointestinal pain
if (len(trim(@search)) = 0) -- if search string is empty, just return records ordered alphabetically
begin
select 1 as Priority ,myTableid, code, Description from myTable order by Description
return;
end
declare @splitTable Table(
wordRank int Identity(1,1), -- individual words are assinged priority order (in order of occurence/position)
word varchar(200)
)
declare @nonWordTable Table( -- table to trim out auxiliary verbs, prepositions etc. from the search
id varchar(200)
)
insert into @nonWordTable values
('of'),
('with'),
('at'),
('in'),
('for'),
('on'),
('by'),
('like'),
('up'),
('off'),
('near'),
('is'),
('are'),
(','),
(':'),
(';')
insert into @splitTable
select id from dbo.fnSplit(@search,' '); -- this function gives you a table with rows containing all the space separated words of the search like in this e.g., the output will be -
-- id
-------------
-- infection
-- upper
-- acute
-- genito
delete s from @splitTable s join @nonWordTable n on s.word = n.id; -- trimming out non-words here
declare @countOfSearchStrings int = (select count(word) from @splitTable); -- count of space separated words for search
declare @highestPriority int = POWER(@countOfSearchStrings,3);
with plainMatches as
(
select myTableid, @highestPriority as Priority from myTable where Description like @search -- exact matches have highest priority
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-1 as Priority from myTable where Description like @search + '%' -- then with something at the end
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-2 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search -- then with something at the beginning
union
select myTableid, @highestPriority-3 as Priority from myTable where Description like '%' + @search + '%' -- then if the word falls somewhere in between
),
splitWordMatches as( -- give each searched word a rank based on its position in the searched string
-- and calculate its char index in the field to search
select myTable.myTableid, (@countOfSearchStrings - s.wordRank) as Priority, s.word,
wordIndex = CHARINDEX(s.word, myTable.Description) from myTable join @splitTable s on myTable.Description like '%'+ s.word + '%'
-- and not exists(select myTableid from plainMatches p where p.myTableId = myTable.myTableId) -- need not look into myTables that have already been found in plainmatches as they are highest ranked
-- this one takes a long time though, so commenting it, will have no impact on the result
),
matchingRowsWithAllWords as (
select myTableid, count(myTableid) as myTableCount from splitWordMatches group by(myTableid) having count(myTableid) = @countOfSearchStrings
)
, -- trim off the CTE here if you don't care about the ordering of words to be considered for priority
wordIndexRatings as( -- reverse the char indexes retrived above so that words occuring earlier have higher weightage
-- and then normalize them to sequential values
select s.myTableid, Priority, word, ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by s.myTableid order by wordindex desc) as comparativeWordIndex
from splitWordMatches s join matchingRowsWithAllWords m on s.myTableId = m.myTableId
)
,
wordIndexSequenceRatings as ( -- need to do this to ensure that if the same set of words from search string is found in two rows,
-- their sequence in the field value is taken into account for higher priority
select w.myTableid, w.word, (w.Priority + w.comparativeWordIndex + coalesce(sequncedPriority ,0)) as Priority
from wordIndexRatings w left join
(
select w1.myTableid, w1.priority, w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex, count(w1.myTableid) as sequncedPriority
from wordIndexRatings w1 join wordIndexRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId and w1.Priority > w2.Priority and w1.comparativeWordIndex>w2.comparativeWordIndex
group by w1.myTableid, w1.priority,w1.word, w1.comparativeWordIndex
)
sequencedPriority on w.myTableId = sequencedPriority.myTableId and w.Priority = sequencedPriority.Priority
),
prioritizedSplitWordMatches as ( -- this calculates the cumulative priority for a field value
select w1.myTableId, sum(w1.Priority) as OverallPriority from wordIndexSequenceRatings w1 join wordIndexSequenceRatings w2 on w1.myTableId = w2.myTableId
where w1.word <> w2.word group by w1.myTableid
),
completeSet as (
select myTableid, priority from plainMatches -- get plain matches which should be highest ranked
union
select myTableid, OverallPriority as priority from prioritizedSplitWordMatches -- get ranked split word matches (which are ordered based on word rank in search string and sequence)
),
maximizedCompleteSet as( -- set the priority of a field value = maximum priority for that field value
select myTableid, max(priority) as Priority from completeSet group by myTableId
)
select priority, myTable.myTableid , code, Description from maximizedCompleteSet m join myTable on m.myTableId = myTable.myTableId
order by Priority desc, Description -- order by priority desc to get highest rated items on top
--offset 0 rows fetch next 50 rows only -- optional paging
Try to use the "Tesarus search" in a full text index in SQL Server. This is much better than using "%" in search if you have millions of records. Tesarus has a smaller amount of memory consumption than the others.
Try to search this functions :)
Use:
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Column1 Like "*word*"
This will display all the records where column1 has a partial value containing word.
DECLARE @SearchStr nvarchar(100)
SET @SearchStr = ' '
CREATE TABLE #Results (ColumnName nvarchar(370), ColumnValue nvarchar(3630))
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @TableName nvarchar(256), @ColumnName nvarchar(128), @SearchStr2 nvarchar(110)
SET @TableName = ''
SET @SearchStr2 = QUOTENAME('%' + @SearchStr + '%','''')
WHILE @TableName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName = ''
SET @TableName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
AND QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME) > @TableName
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(
OBJECT_ID(
QUOTENAME(TABLE_SCHEMA) + '.' + QUOTENAME(TABLE_NAME)
), 'IsMSShipped'
) = 0
)
WHILE (@TableName IS NOT NULL) AND (@ColumnName IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
SET @ColumnName =
(
SELECT MIN(QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME))
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = PARSENAME(@TableName, 2)
AND TABLE_NAME = PARSENAME(@TableName, 1)
AND DATA_TYPE IN ('char', 'varchar', 'nchar', 'nvarchar', 'int', 'decimal')
AND QUOTENAME(COLUMN_NAME) > @ColumnName
)
IF @ColumnName IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
INSERT INTO #Results
EXEC
(
'SELECT ''' + @TableName + '.' + @ColumnName + ''', LEFT(' + @ColumnName + ', 3630) FROM ' + @TableName + ' (NOLOCK) ' +
' WHERE ' + @ColumnName + ' LIKE ' + @SearchStr2
)
END
END
END
SELECT ColumnName, ColumnValue FROM #Results
DROP TABLE #Results
select * from table where name regexp '^word[1-3]$'
or
select * from table where name in ('word1','word2','word3')
