403

When trying to run an executable I've been sent in Mac OS X, I get the following error

dyld: Library not loaded: libboost_atomic.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/"Directory my executable is in"
  Reason: image not found
Trace/BPT trap:5

I have installed the boost libraries and they are located in /opt/local/lib. I think the problem has something to do with the executable only looking in the directory it is in as when I paste the 'libboost_atomic.dylib' in there, it doesn't mind about it anymore. Unfortunately then it complains it can't find the next boost library.

Is there an easy way to fix this?

Blazej SLEBODA
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rwolst
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  • If you still has problem use method from this [topic](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/27116371/dyld-library-not-loaded-reason-no-suitable-image-found/43466989#43466989) – Tarik May 15 '17 at 09:23
  • Try to uninstall python3.7.3 using this:- https://huybien.com/how-to-completely-uninstall-python-on-macos/ – Mr.Das Feb 16 '21 at 06:25

40 Answers40

216

Find all the boost libraries (where exefile is the name of your executable):

$ otool -L exefile
exefile:
        @executable_path/libboost_something.dylib (compatibility version 0.7.0, current version 0.7.0)
        /usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 65.1.0)
        /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 169.3.0)

and for each libboost_xxx.dylib, do:

$ install_name_tool -change @executable_path/libboost_something.dylib /opt/local/lib/libboost_something.dylib exefile

and finally verify using otool again:

$ otool -L exefile
exefile:
        /opt/local/lib/libboost_something.dylib (compatibility version 0.7.0, current version 0.7.0)
        /usr/lib/libc++.1.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 65.1.0)
        /usr/lib/libSystem.B.dylib (compatibility version 1.0.0, current version 169.3.0)

Manpages: otool install_name_tool

EDIT A while back I wrote a python script (copy_dylibs.py) to work out all this stuff automatically when building an app. It will package up all libraries from /usr/local or /opt/local into the app bundle and fix references to those libraries to use @rpath. This means you can easily install third-party library using Homebrew and package them just as easily.

I have now made this script public on github.

Alex Shroyer
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trojanfoe
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165

This worked for me:

brew upgrade node
oshaiken
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126

In the target's General tab, there is a section called Frameworks, Libraries, and Embedded Content

Click on the + sign, add required framework and the crash is resolved.

Update latest xcode screen-shot

Himanshu padia
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113

After upgrade Mac OS to Mojave. I tried to install npm modules via yarn command I got error:

dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/icu4c/lib/libicui18n.60.dylib
  Referenced from: /usr/local/bin/node
  Reason: image not found
Abort trap: 6

Was fixed with:

brew update
brew upgrade
Michael Klishevich
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    My intelliJ started throwing this error when I recently updated xcode. I was trying to run a node.js server through intellij. I wasn't sure what went wrong. Running `node --version` on my system resulted in the same error. Running the above two commands solved my problem. – Ishan Dec 16 '19 at 09:31
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    In my case, I also ran the `brew cleanup` command, which is good to do at times if you want to get rid of old versions. – Michael Behrens Dec 28 '19 at 17:26
  • Regarding to @MichaelBehrens's comment, I run `brew cleanup` then it fixed. – Buraco May 01 '20 at 14:19
45

For some, this could be as easy as setting the system path for dynamic libraries. On OS X, this is as simple as setting the DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable. See:

Is it OK to use DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH on Mac OS X? And, what's the dynamic library search algorithm with it?

Community
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markshiz
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    It may seem stupid, but I wonder what value should I set `DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH` to? – Leo Mar 21 '17 at 01:13
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    @Caesar Set it to the directory of wherever the dylibs you're trying to link are located. – markshiz May 02 '17 at 14:01
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    You cannot expect your users to change `DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH`. The correct solution is to include non-standard libraries with the `.app` and the user won't have to do anything. The developer, however, may still have to hack the loader path as per my answer. – trojanfoe Feb 04 '19 at 08:00
  • @trojanfoe .app? Have a test executable, trying to link some .dylib . Linux is same with LD_LIBRARY_PATH – Sam Ginrich Apr 25 '22 at 14:26
  • So easy. Thank you! Wonder, what other answers are about, and how brew would do a similair thing ... – Sam Ginrich Apr 25 '22 at 14:29
39

this should fix the issue

brew update
brew upgrade
brew cleanup
Walterwhites
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  • Using this worked for me, unfortunately, I still don't know what cause of the issue to begin with or why updating, upgrading and cleaning up solve the issue – Onema Jun 27 '20 at 19:36
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    this worked totally for me, however, while trying to do the cleanup, i ran into some permission issue, if you also have this trouble, try running sudo chown -R $(whoami) /usr/local/lib then try running the brew cleanup again – Pianistprogrammer Jun 29 '20 at 07:08
  • I still get `ImportError: cannot import name 'ssl' from 'urllib3.util.ssl_' (/Users/foo/.local/share/virtualenvs/TMIWqqTS/lib/python3.7/site-packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py) ` after running this – Harry Moreno Jul 01 '20 at 05:44
  • I fixed my follow up error by reinstalling python. I use asdf to manage my language versions so I did `asdf uninstall python 3.7.3` (I was using 3.7.3, specify here the version you have) and then ran `asdf install python 3.7.3`. – Harry Moreno Jul 01 '20 at 05:54
  • if till not work : brew services start php – shorol Mar 18 '21 at 10:22
  • I had to follow this as well: https://stackoverflow.com/a/72820874/3342981 – user3342981 Nov 01 '22 at 16:26
12

I got this error when I tried to install ruby 2.3.1 using rvm. It first told me to run brew update, which I did, and then when I tried running rvm install ruby-2.3.1, I received the error in this SO question.

The fix was to first run brew upgrade, apparently according to this superuser.com question you need to do both brew update && brew upgrade. Once that was done, I could finally install ruby 2.3.1.

Community
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JackDev
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    People need to stop recommending doing `brew upgrade` just like that. This can be a massive disruptor for one's entire system. Instead, isolate what needs to be upgraded and upgrade that only. – Jivan Apr 12 '20 at 11:25
12

Now that Xcode has upgraded their IDE, they have changed a little bit how this functions.

It used to be split up into separate section as demonstrated above with 'Embedded Binaries' and 'Linked Frameworks and Libraries' as separate sections.

Now, it is one combined section with drop-downs on the right as to what should be embedded.

New IDE Changes

This was confusing to me at first, but makes perfect sense now.

pkamb
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Jay Snayder
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11

If you're using Xcode 11 onwards:

Go to General tab and add the framework in Frameworks, Libraries, and Embedded Content section.

Important: By default it might be marked as Do Not Embed, change it to Embed Without Signing like shown in the image and you are good to go.

enter image description here

For Xcode versions below 11:

Just add the framework in Embedded Binaries section and you are done.

Cheers!

atulkhatri
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  • I had the same problem. In my case choosing "Embed & Sign" worked. – soundflix Jan 15 '23 at 11:12
  • Yes it depends on the library if it was signed by the developer or not. Most of the times frameworks are not signed. But there may be cases when these are signed. I also had to select 'Embed & Sign' for a Google framework. – atulkhatri Feb 02 '23 at 04:45
10

To resolve the error below on my Macbook Catalina 10.15.4:

dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/openssl/lib/libssl.1.0.0.dylib
    Referenced from: /usr/local/bin/mongoexport
    Reason: image not found
Abort trap: 6

I ran the command below and got round the problem above:

brew switch openssl 1.0.2s
Kwex
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  • any explanations on this would be helpful. – Ejaz Karim Nov 30 '20 at 09:08
  • Looks to me like the executable shouldn't even be linking against `libssl.1.0.0.dylib`, but rather `libssl.1.dylib`, which will be symlinked to the exact version on the system while maintaining API compatibility. See [this](https://www.usenix.org/legacy/publications/library/proceedings/als00/2000papers/papers/full_papers/browndavid/browndavid_html/index.html). – trojanfoe Jan 14 '21 at 10:39
8

You can use the otool command with the -L option for the executable, which will display where the executable is expecting those libraries to be.

If the path to those need changing, use the install_name_tool command, which allows you to set the path to the libraries.

TheDarkKnight
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7

Making the Frameworks in the Build Phases Optional worked for me.

In Xcode -> Target -> Build Phases -> Link Binary with Libraries -> Make sure the newly added frameworks if any are marked as Optional

Pradeep Reddy Kypa
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5

I got here trying to run a program I just compiled using CMake. When I try to run it, it complains saying:

dyld: Library not loaded: libboost_system.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/path/to/my/executable
  Reason: image not found

I circumvented the problem telling CMake to use the static version of Boost, instead of letting it use the dynamic one:

set(Boost_USE_STATIC_LIBS ON)
Lucio Paiva
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3

I fix it by brew install libpng

3

If you use cmake, add DYLIB_INSTALL_NAME_BASE "@rpath" to target properties:

set_target_properties(target_dyLib PROPERTIES
        # # for FRAMEWORK begin
        # FRAMEWORK TRUE
        # FRAMEWORK_VERSION C
        # MACOSX_FRAMEWORK_IDENTIFIER com.cmake.targetname
        # MACOSX_FRAMEWORK_INFO_PLIST ./Info.plist
        # PUBLIC_HEADER targetname.h
        # # for FRAMEWORK end
        IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET "8.0"
        DYLIB_INSTALL_NAME_BASE "@rpath" # this is the key point
        XCODE_ATTRIBUTE_CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY "iPhone Developer"
        DEVELOPMENT_TEAM "${DEVELOPMENT_TEAM}"
    )

or in Xcode dynamic library project Target -> Build Setting set Dynamic Library Install Name Base to @rpath

pkamb
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cn00
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  • I create a cocoa framework dynamic library project, it works, and compared with my bad cmake generated project find this different, and fixed it, it works on iOS. – cn00 Feb 27 '19 at 06:54
3

I fixed this issue by using Product > Clean Build Folder (CommandShiftK), which makes a new clean build, really odd.

pkamb
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Douglas Pfeifer
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3

For my framework I was using an Xcode subproject added as a git submodule.

I believe I was getting this error because I was signing the framework with a different signing Team than my main app. (switched teams for app; forgot to switch for framework)

Solution is to not sign within the framework project. Instead, in the main app's Target > General > Frameworks, Libraries, and Embedded Content section, sign the framework via Embed & Sign.

If I select Do not Embed or Embed Without Signing I instead get the error:

FRAMEWORK not valid for use in process using Library Validation: mapped file has no cdhash, completely unsigned? Code has to be at least ad-hoc signed.

pkamb
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2

You can use sudo install_name_tool -change change dylib path And sudo install_name_tool -id change dylib name

hailuodev
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2

Xcode 11.1 & Swift 5.1

Quick Fix

First make sure that external added library has option embed is selected in General Tab, Embbed Binaries.

If still not works..

This happens because you have different, unmatched versions of libraries present.

Update the Pods

pod update

Important: Check all libraries are included in the Build Settings -> libraries and frameworks list and you have given option to embbed in the build

Just working awesome

Saranjith
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2

if you use virtualenv just remove the folder of your environment and recreate it with this command virtualenv --python=/usr/local/bin/python3 the_name_of_my_env

bormat
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2

In our case, it's an iOS app, built on Xcode 11.5, using cocoapods (and cocoapods-binary if you will).

We were seeing this crash:

dyld: Library not loaded: @rpath/PINOperation.framework/PINOperation
  Referenced from: /private/var/containers/Bundle/Application/4C5F5E4C-8B71-4351-A0AB-C20333544569/Tellus.app/Frameworks/PINRemoteImage.framework/PINRemoteImage
  Reason: image not found

Turns out that I had to delete the pods cache and re-run pod install, so Xcode would point this diff:

enter image description here

Roger Oba
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1

For anyone coming to this page because they got this error trying to link a third party framework to their project using Xcode 6.3.1, the problem I ran into was because the library was being created with an older version of the compiler using a different version of swift. The only way to fix this for me was to re-build the framework.

Another reason you might get this is stated in an Apple technical doc..

If you are building an app that does not use Swift but embeds content such as a framework that does, Xcode will not include these libraries in your app. As a result, your app will crash upon launching with an error message looking as follows:

set the Embedded Content Contains Swift Code (EMBEDDED_CONTENT_CONTAINS_SWIFT) build setting to YES in your app

Here is the link to the full Apple doc that explains it here

bolnad
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1

For anyone experiencing the same thing with a different library or package, @user3835452 is on the right track. I found this message while trying to run composer:

dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/openldap/lib/libldap-2.4.2.dylib
  Referenced from: /usr/local/opt/php@7.1/bin/php
  Reason: image not found
Abort trap: 6

After trying a lot of different ways I just ran brew install openldap and it fixed it. Note that I had already ran brew update and brew upgrade but only after I manually installed openldap did it actually work.

brunouno
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    I had a similar problem dyld: Library not loaded:/usr/local/opt/fftw/lib/libfftw3f.3.dylib. After checking many possible solutions I just did brew install fftw and it worked for me. Thanks @brunouno – Joana Carvalho Mar 22 '22 at 15:38
1

Is there an easy way to fix this?

I just used brew upgrade <the tool>. In my case, brew upgrade tmux.

confused00
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1

In my case it was node that was out of date, you need to upgrade it after goin up to BigSur - brew upgrade node

Gino
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As said in https://gist.github.com/berkedel/d1fc6d13651c16002f64653096d1fded, you could try

brew uninstall --ignore-dependencies node icu4c
brew install node
brew link --overwrite node
serv-inc
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1

Quick Fix

  • Remove the pod (whose name is in the error) by commenting it in your Podfile, like #Podname
  • Run pod install
  • Uncomment the pod that you commented earlier
  • Run pod install again.

It worked for me and is easy to do so sharing it.

Ammar Mujeeb
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0

I faced the app crash issue quoting SIGABRT error in thread.Overview of the crash is dyld library not loaded and image not found something like that.

This was seen in Xcode 9.3. The reason I found out was Xcode is not picking up libraries dynamically so I had to do it manually which solved my crash issue.

Follow the below steps:

  1. Go to Build Phases
  2. Hit the '+' button at the top and select "New Copy File Phase"
  3. Select Destination as Frameworks and Hit the '+' button below to add files.
  4. Select Add Other at below, click CMD+SHIFT+G and paste the below path, /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/lib/swift/iphoneos

Now you will be able to see some swift dylibs, Select all the swift libraries with .dylib extension and click on open.

These will get added to the embedded binaries in the general tab of app.

Create a new group in project folder and add all these libraries.

Now run your app.

pkamb
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0

If you are using Conda environment in the terminal, update the samtools to solve it.

conda install -c bioconda samtools

Shrm
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0

Best one is answered above first check what is the output of

otool -L

And then do the following if incorrect

set_target_properties(
    MyTarget
    PROPERTIES
    XCODE_ATTRIBUTE_LD_RUNPATH_SEARCH_PATHS
    "@executable_path/Frameworks @loader_path/Frameworks"
)

And

set_target_properties(
        MyTarget
        PROPERTIES
        XCODE_ATTRIBUTE_DYLIB_INSTALL_NAME_BASE 
        "@rpath"
sandroid
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0

I got this error after using asdf to switch my python version. When you activate the virtualenv it gets confused.

Instead recreate the virtualenv like so

$ rm -rf venv
$ python -m venv venv

This time when you activate the virtualenv it will find the correct python.

Harry Moreno
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0

It is an dynamic linker error which links binary in load or runtime

[@rpath]

yoAlex5
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0

enter image description here

  1. Select your project
  2. Go To Targets
  3. Go To Frameworks, Libraries, and Embedded Content
  4. Click at the + icon
  5. You should get a prompt => Search for your missed library; -in my case was OpenSSL-.
  6. Select it and add it.
  7. clean your project.
  8. Re-build.
Suraj Rao
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Amir
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0

FIXED: This approach cleared this up for me with ease ...

My particular CLI tool that triggered the same issue (i.e., netdiscover), was looking for:

/usr/local/opt/libnet/lib/libnet.1.dylib

When I searched that path for, libnet.1.dylib, ls returned a file, but a newer version: libnet.9.dylib

Following the approach presented in this article, How to Fix ‘Dyld: Library not Loaded’ Error on MacOS, I was able to fix the issue by simply creating a symlink pointer to the file that the tool was looking for (i.e., libnet.1.dylib), to that of the new file version listed on my system (i.e., libnet.9.dylib), ...

ln -s /usr/local/opt/libnet/lib/libnet.9.dylib /usr/local/opt/libnet/lib/libnet.1.dylib

... now when I run the tool, it finds the dependancies it needs without complaint!, : )

--AA

Reference:

0

This was my reason of the issue:

dyld: Library not loaded: /System/Library/Frameworks/AVFAudio.framework/AVFAudio   Referenced from: /private/var/containers/Bundle/Application/B6724E76-E704-46A2-8637-F43277018CE2/MyFrameworkUsageSample.app/Frameworks/MyFramework.framework/MyFramework Reason: image not found dyld: launch, loading dependent libraries DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/system/introspection DYLD_INSERT_LIBRARIES=/Developer/usr/lib/libBacktraceRecording.dylib:/Developer/usr/lib/libMainThreadChecker.dylib:/Developer/Library/PrivateFrameworks/DTDDISupport.framework/libViewDebuggerSupport.dylib

I was creating own framework MyFramework - where the Apple Framework was used. And build the xcframework with latest deployment target - iOS 16. While in the TestApp required to run on iOS 13+. And The Test Devices were using iOS 15.

Thus the TestApp with MyFramework was launching on Simulator (iOS16) successfully. But not on the Devices.

Resolution: In MyFramework - change the deployment target to needed iOS. And re-generate your framework. Or if you are using the 3d-party framework - ask the provider to support you minimal deployment target.

So missed to change the min deployment target in the xcframework before building - and Apple logs were as usual super helpful)))

Naloiko Eugene
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0

install_name_tool -add_rpath new_path executable install_name_tool -delete_rpath old_path executable

user3833678
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-1

I fixed this by reinstalling Homebrew

Uninstall

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)"

Install

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

sidonaldson
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-1

For anyone that might still be having this problem:

This is an ongoing problem on Apple's side, and what worked for me is upgrading to ios 13.4(beta). Installed that and worked like a charm.

asterisk12
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-1

I forgot to add use_frameworks! in my podfile. I added it back and it worked.

Prashuk Jain
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-2

None of the above worked for me, but brew reinstall icu4c did.

Pierre Monico
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