1113

How do I get the size of a file in Python?

Mateen Ulhaq
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5YrsLaterDBA
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10 Answers10

1468

Use os.path.getsize:

>>> import os
>>> os.path.getsize("/path/to/file.mp3")
2071611

The output is in bytes.

Mateen Ulhaq
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danben
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    Note: the implementation of `os.path.getsize` is simply `return os.stat(filename).st_size` – wim Mar 21 '13 at 11:20
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    So is there a minute performance loss from using os.path.getsize as opposed to os.stat(file).st_size? – wordsforthewise May 18 '15 at 01:45
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    @wordsforthewise measure it! ~150 ns in my computer. – Davidmh Jul 15 '15 at 11:24
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    @wordsforthewise this is more of an issue if you also want to get other things about the file (modification time, type of file, e.g.) -- then you might as well get it all from a single system call via `os.stat`. Then the difference could run into a substantial number of microseconds :-) – greggo Dec 21 '19 at 18:24
1032

You need the st_size property of the object returned by os.stat. You can get it by either using pathlib (Python 3.4+):

>>> from pathlib import Path
>>> Path('somefile.txt').stat()
os.stat_result(st_mode=33188, st_ino=6419862, st_dev=16777220, st_nlink=1, st_uid=501, st_gid=20, st_size=1564, st_atime=1584299303, st_mtime=1584299400, st_ctime=1584299400)
>>> Path('somefile.txt').stat().st_size
1564

or using os.stat:

>>> import os
>>> os.stat('somefile.txt')
os.stat_result(st_mode=33188, st_ino=6419862, st_dev=16777220, st_nlink=1, st_uid=501, st_gid=20, st_size=1564, st_atime=1584299303, st_mtime=1584299400, st_ctime=1584299400)
>>> os.stat('somefile.txt').st_size
1564

Output is in bytes.

Boris Verkhovskiy
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Adam Rosenfield
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    @josch - yes, this is nice, for the "size on disk" you can multiply `stat_result.st_blocks` by the block size, but I'm still searching how to get it programmatically and cross-platform (not via `tune2fs` etc.) – Tomasz Gandor Apr 22 '16 at 20:56
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    @TomaszGandor now `st_blocks` is defined as "Number of 512-byte blocks allocated for file", so you don't have to get the block size. – Alexandr Zarubkin Apr 14 '23 at 08:45
148

The other answers work for real files, but if you need something that works for "file-like objects", try this:

# f is a file-like object. 
f.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
size = f.tell()

It works for real files and StringIO's, in my limited testing. (Python 2.7.3.) The "file-like object" API isn't really a rigorous interface, of course, but the API documentation suggests that file-like objects should support seek() and tell().

Edit

Another difference between this and os.stat() is that you can stat() a file even if you don't have permission to read it. Obviously the seek/tell approach won't work unless you have read permission.

Edit 2

At Jonathon's suggestion, here's a paranoid version. (The version above leaves the file pointer at the end of the file, so if you were to try to read from the file, you'd get zero bytes back!)

# f is a file-like object. 
old_file_position = f.tell()
f.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
size = f.tell()
f.seek(old_file_position, os.SEEK_SET)
trss
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Mark E. Haase
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    And for the last line, if ```os``` isn't used: ```f.seek(old_file_position, 0)``` – luckydonald Dec 02 '15 at 15:11
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    If you use integer literals instead of named variables, you are torturing anybody that has to maintain your code. There's no compelling reason not to import `os`. – Mark E. Haase Dec 02 '15 at 16:25
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    Apparently this is at least a little risky, depending on how Python implements `#seek()`: https://wiki.sei.cmu.edu/confluence/display/c/FIO19-C.+Do+not+use+fseek%28%29+and+ftell%28%29+to+compute+the+size+of+a+regular+file – Translunar Aug 17 '18 at 20:35
104
import os


def convert_bytes(num):
    """
    this function will convert bytes to MB.... GB... etc
    """
    for x in ['bytes', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB']:
        if num < 1024.0:
            return "%3.1f %s" % (num, x)
        num /= 1024.0


def file_size(file_path):
    """
    this function will return the file size
    """
    if os.path.isfile(file_path):
        file_info = os.stat(file_path)
        return convert_bytes(file_info.st_size)


# Lets check the file size of MS Paint exe 
# or you can use any file path
file_path = r"C:\Windows\System32\mspaint.exe"
print file_size(file_path)

Result:

6.1 MB
Rajiv Sharma
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66

Using pathlib (added in Python 3.4 or a backport available on PyPI):

from pathlib import Path
file = Path() / 'doc.txt'  # or Path('./doc.txt')
size = file.stat().st_size

This is really only an interface around os.stat, but using pathlib provides an easy way to access other file related operations.

Asclepius
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Michael Mulich
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29

There is a bitshift trick I use if I want to to convert from bytes to any other unit. If you do a right shift by 10 you basically shift it by an order (multiple).

Example: 5GB are 5368709120 bytes

print (5368709120 >> 10)  # 5242880 kilobytes (kB)
print (5368709120 >> 20 ) # 5120 megabytes (MB)
print (5368709120 >> 30 ) # 5 gigabytes (GB)
Peter Mortensen
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user1767754
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    This doesn't answer the question. The question is about finding the size of a file, not about formatting the result for human consumption. – Will Manley Apr 09 '18 at 12:44
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    These numbers are wrong and thus confusing. 5GB is 5e9 bytes. Is this supposed to be some sort of human-readable approximation? Where would you even use something like this? – Dre Aug 14 '18 at 00:29
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    1-bit=>2 ... 2-bits=>4 ... 3-bits=>8 ... 4-bits=>16 ... 5-bits=>32 ... 6-bits=>64 ... 7-bits=>128 ... 8-bits=>256 ... 9-bits=>512 ... 10-bits=>1024 ... 1024 bytes is 1kB ... => 20-bits => 1024 * 1024 = 1,048,576bytes, which is 1024kB, and 1MB... => 30-bits => 1024 * 1024 * 1024 = 1,073,741,824 bytes, which is 1,048,576 kB, and 1024MB, and 1GB … You have confused scientific notation and decimal places with the binary/base-2 representation used in computing. 5x9 = 5 x 10^9 = 5,000,000,000 – James 'Fluffy' Burton Sep 12 '18 at 15:33
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    Guys, he hasn't *confused* anything... he's just given an approximation, which is evident when he says "basically". 2^10 is approx. 10^3. In fact, this approximation is so common that [it has a name](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mebibyte): *Mebi*, *Gibi*, and *Tebi* are Mega, Giga, and Tera, respectively. Regarding not answering the question, @WillManley , you have a fair point there! ;-p – Mike Williamson Oct 02 '18 at 23:36
18

we have two options Both include importing os module

1)

import os
os.stat("/path/to/file").st_size

as os.stat() function returns an object which contains so many headers including file created time and last modified time etc.. among them st_size gives the exact size of the file. File path can be either absolute or relative.

2) In this, we have to provide the exact file path, File path can be either relative or absolute.

import os
os.path.getsize("path of file")
gunarevuri
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9

Strictly sticking to the question, the Python code (+ pseudo-code) would be:

import os
file_path = r"<path to your file>"
if os.stat(file_path).st_size > 0:
    <send an email to somebody>
else:
    <continue to other things>
Peter Mortensen
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Victor Barrantes
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1

You can use the stat() method from the os module. You can provide it with a path in the form of a string, bytes or even a PathLike object. It works with file descriptors as well.

import os

res = os.stat(filename)

res.st_size # this variable contains the size of the file in bytes
krishnakeshan
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-2
#Get file size , print it , process it...
#Os.stat will provide the file size in (.st_size) property. 
#The file size will be shown in bytes.

import os

fsize=os.stat('filepath')
print('size:' + fsize.st_size.__str__())

#check if the file size is less than 10 MB

if fsize.st_size < 10000000:
    process it ....
Chikku Jacob
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