T-SQL split string

Question

I have a SQL Server 2008 R2 column containing a string which I need to split by a comma. I have seen many answers on StackOverflow but none of them works in R2. I have made sure I have select permissions on any split function examples. Any help greatly appreciated.

Answer 1

I've used this SQL before which may work for you:-

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.splitstring ( @stringToSplit VARCHAR(MAX) )
RETURNS
 @returnList TABLE ([Name] [nvarchar] (500))
AS
BEGIN

 DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(255)
 DECLARE @pos INT

 WHILE CHARINDEX(',', @stringToSplit) > 0
 BEGIN
  SELECT @pos  = CHARINDEX(',', @stringToSplit)  
  SELECT @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos-1)

  INSERT INTO @returnList 
  SELECT @name

  SELECT @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos+1, LEN(@stringToSplit)-@pos)
 END

 INSERT INTO @returnList
 SELECT @stringToSplit

 RETURN
END

and to use it:-

SELECT * FROM dbo.splitstring('91,12,65,78,56,789')

Answer 2

Instead of recursive CTEs and while loops, has anyone considered a more set-based approach? Note that this function was written for the question, which was based on SQL Server 2008 and comma as the delimiter. In SQL Server 2016 and above (and in compatibility level 130 and above), STRING_SPLIT() is a better option.

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitString
(
  @List     nvarchar(max),
  @Delim    nvarchar(255)
)
RETURNS TABLE
AS
  RETURN ( SELECT [Value] FROM 
  ( 
    SELECT [Value] = LTRIM(RTRIM(SUBSTRING(@List, [Number],
      CHARINDEX(@Delim, @List + @Delim, [Number]) - [Number])))
    FROM (SELECT Number = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY name)
      FROM sys.all_columns) AS x WHERE Number <= LEN(@List)
      AND SUBSTRING(@Delim + @List, [Number], DATALENGTH(@Delim)/2) = @Delim
    ) AS y
  );
GO

If you want to avoid the limitation of the length of the string being <= the number of rows in sys.all_columns (9,980 in model in SQL Server 2017; much higher in your own user databases), you can use other approaches for deriving the numbers, such as building your own table of numbers. You could also use a recursive CTE in cases where you can't use system tables or create your own:

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitString
(
  @List     nvarchar(max),
  @Delim    nvarchar(255)
)
RETURNS TABLE WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
   RETURN ( WITH n(n) AS (SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT n+1 
       FROM n WHERE n <= LEN(@List))
       SELECT [Value] = SUBSTRING(@List, n, 
       CHARINDEX(@Delim, @List + @Delim, n) - n)
       FROM n WHERE n <= LEN(@List)
      AND SUBSTRING(@Delim + @List, n, DATALENGTH(@Delim)/2) = @Delim
   );
GO

But you'll have to append OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0) (or MAXRECURSION <longest possible string length if < 32768>) to the outer query in order to avoid errors with recursion for strings > 100 characters. If that is also not a good alternative then see this answer as pointed out in the comments, or this answer if you need an ordered split string function.

(Also, the delimiter will have to be NCHAR(<=1228). Still researching why.)

More on split functions, why (and proof that) while loops and recursive CTEs don't scale, and better alternatives, if you're splitting strings coming from the application layer:

• Splitting strings

Answer 3

Finally the wait is over in SQL Server 2016 they have introduced Split string function : STRING_SPLIT

select * From STRING_SPLIT ('a,b', ',') cs 

All the other methods to split string like XML, Tally table, while loop, etc.. has been blown away by this STRING_SPLIT function.

Here is an excellent article with performance comparison : Performance Surprises and Assumptions : STRING_SPLIT

Answer 4

The easiest way to do this is by using XML format.

1. Converting string to rows without table

QUERY

DECLARE @String varchar(100) = 'String1,String2,String3'
-- To change ',' to any other delimeter, just change ',' to your desired one
DECLARE @Delimiter CHAR = ','    

SELECT LTRIM(RTRIM(Split.a.value('.', 'VARCHAR(100)'))) 'Value' 
FROM  
(     
     SELECT CAST ('<M>' + REPLACE(@String, @Delimiter, '</M><M>') + '</M>' AS XML) AS Data            
) AS A 
CROSS APPLY Data.nodes ('/M') AS Split(a)

RESULT

 x---------x
 | Value   |
 x---------x
 | String1 |
 | String2 |
 | String3 |
 x---------x

2. Converting to rows from a table which have an ID for each CSV row

SOURCE TABLE

 x-----x--------------------------x
 | Id  |           Value          |
 x-----x--------------------------x
 |  1  |  String1,String2,String3 |
 |  2  |  String4,String5,String6 |     
 x-----x--------------------------x

QUERY

-- To change ',' to any other delimeter, just change ',' before '</M><M>' to your desired one
DECLARE @Delimiter CHAR = ','

SELECT ID,LTRIM(RTRIM(Split.a.value('.', 'VARCHAR(100)'))) 'Value' 
FROM  
(     
     SELECT ID,CAST ('<M>' + REPLACE(VALUE, @Delimiter, '</M><M>') + '</M>' AS XML) AS Data            
     FROM TABLENAME
) AS A 
CROSS APPLY Data.nodes ('/M') AS Split(a)

RESULT

 x-----x----------x
 | Id  |  Value   |
 x-----x----------x
 |  1  |  String1 |
 |  1  |  String2 |  
 |  1  |  String3 |
 |  2  |  String4 |  
 |  2  |  String5 |
 |  2  |  String6 |     
 x-----x----------x

Answer 5

I needed a quick way to get rid of the +4 from a zip code.

UPDATE #Emails 
  SET ZIPCode = SUBSTRING(ZIPCode, 1, (CHARINDEX('-', ZIPCODE)-1)) 
  WHERE ZIPCode LIKE '%-%'

No proc... no UDF... just one tight little inline command that does what it must. Not fancy, not elegant.

Change the delimiter as needed, etc, and it will work for anything.

Answer 6

if you replace

WHILE CHARINDEX(',', @stringToSplit) > 0

with

WHILE LEN(@stringToSplit) > 0

you can eliminate that last insert after the while loop!

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.splitstring ( @stringToSplit VARCHAR(MAX) )
RETURNS
 @returnList TABLE ([Name] [nvarchar] (500))
AS
BEGIN

 DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(255)
 DECLARE @pos INT

 WHILE LEN(@stringToSplit) > 0
 BEGIN
  SELECT @pos  = CHARINDEX(',', @stringToSplit)


if @pos = 0
        SELECT @pos = LEN(@stringToSplit)


  SELECT @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos-1)

  INSERT INTO @returnList 
  SELECT @name

  SELECT @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos+1, LEN(@stringToSplit)-@pos)
 END

 RETURN
END

Answer 7

The often used approach with XML elements breaks in case of forbidden characters. This is an approach to use this method with any kind of character, even with the semicolon as delimiter.

The trick is, first to use SELECT SomeString AS [*] FOR XML PATH('') to get all forbidden characters properly escaped. That's the reason, why I replace the delimiter to a magic value to avoid troubles with ; as delimiter.

DECLARE @Dummy TABLE (ID INT, SomeTextToSplit NVARCHAR(MAX))
INSERT INTO @Dummy VALUES
 (1,N'A&B;C;D;E, F')
,(2,N'"C" & ''D'';<C>;D;E, F');

DECLARE @Delimiter NVARCHAR(10)=';'; --special effort needed (due to entities coding with "&code;")!

WITH Casted AS
(
    SELECT *
          ,CAST(N'<x>' + REPLACE((SELECT REPLACE(SomeTextToSplit,@Delimiter,N'§§Split$me$here§§') AS [*] FOR XML PATH('')),N'§§Split$me$here§§',N'</x><x>') + N'</x>' AS XML) AS SplitMe
    FROM @Dummy
)
SELECT Casted.ID
      ,x.value(N'.',N'nvarchar(max)') AS Part 
FROM Casted
CROSS APPLY SplitMe.nodes(N'/x') AS A(x)

The result

ID  Part
1   A&B
1   C
1   D
1   E, F
2   "C" & 'D'
2   <C>
2   D
2   E, F

Answer 8

All the functions for string splitting that use some kind of Loop-ing (iterations) have bad performance. They should be replaced with set-based solution.

This code executes excellent.

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.SplitStrings
(
   @List       NVARCHAR(MAX),
   @Delimiter  NVARCHAR(255)
)
RETURNS TABLE
WITH SCHEMABINDING
AS
   RETURN 
   (  
      SELECT Item = y.i.value('(./text())[1]', 'nvarchar(4000)')
      FROM 
      ( 
        SELECT x = CONVERT(XML, '<i>' 
          + REPLACE(@List, @Delimiter, '</i><i>') 
          + '</i>').query('.')
      ) AS a CROSS APPLY x.nodes('i') AS y(i)
   );
GO

Answer 9

I had to write something like this recently. Here's the solution I came up with. It's generalized for any delimiter string and I think it would perform slightly better:

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[SplitString] 
    ( @string nvarchar(4000)
    , @delim nvarchar(100) )
RETURNS
    @result TABLE 
        ( [Value] nvarchar(4000) NOT NULL
        , [Index] int NOT NULL )
AS
BEGIN
    DECLARE @str nvarchar(4000)
          , @pos int 
          , @prv int = 1

    SELECT @pos = CHARINDEX(@delim, @string)
    WHILE @pos > 0
    BEGIN
        SELECT @str = SUBSTRING(@string, @prv, @pos - @prv)
        INSERT INTO @result SELECT @str, @prv

        SELECT @prv = @pos + LEN(@delim)
             , @pos = CHARINDEX(@delim, @string, @pos + 1)
    END

    INSERT INTO @result SELECT SUBSTRING(@string, @prv, 4000), @prv
    RETURN
END

Answer 10

If you need a quick ad-hoc solution for common cases with minimum code, then this recursive CTE two-liner will do it:

DECLARE @s VARCHAR(200) = ',1,2,,3,,,4,,,,5,'

;WITH
a AS (SELECT i=-1, j=0 UNION ALL SELECT j, CHARINDEX(',', @s, j + 1) FROM a WHERE j > i),
b AS (SELECT SUBSTRING(@s, i+1, IIF(j>0, j, LEN(@s)+1)-i-1) s FROM a WHERE i >= 0)
SELECT * FROM b

Either use this as a stand-alone statement or just add the above CTEs to any of your queries and you will be able to join the resulting table b with others for use in any further expressions.

edit (by Shnugo)

If you add a counter, you will get a position index together with the List:

DECLARE @s VARCHAR(200) = '1,2333,344,4'

;WITH
a AS (SELECT n=0, i=-1, j=0 UNION ALL SELECT n+1, j, CHARINDEX(',', @s, j+1) FROM a WHERE j > i),
b AS (SELECT n, SUBSTRING(@s, i+1, IIF(j>0, j, LEN(@s)+1)-i-1) s FROM a WHERE i >= 0)
SELECT * FROM b;

The result:

n   s
1   1
2   2333
3   344
4   4

Answer 11

I take the xml route by wrapping the values into elements (M but anything works):

declare @v nvarchar(max) = '100,201,abcde'

select 
    a.value('.', 'varchar(max)')
from
    (select cast('<M>' + REPLACE(@v, ',', '</M><M>') + '</M>' AS XML) as col) as A
    CROSS APPLY A.col.nodes ('/M') AS Split(a)

Answer 12

A solution using a CTE, if anyone should need that (apart from me, who obviously did, that is why I wrote it).

declare @StringToSplit varchar(100) = 'Test1,Test2,Test3';
declare @SplitChar varchar(10) = ',';

with StringToSplit as (
  select 
      ltrim( rtrim( substring( @StringToSplit, 1, charindex( @SplitChar, @StringToSplit ) - 1 ) ) ) Head
    , substring( @StringToSplit, charindex( @SplitChar, @StringToSplit ) + 1, len( @StringToSplit ) ) Tail

  union all

  select
      ltrim( rtrim( substring( Tail, 1, charindex( @SplitChar, Tail ) - 1 ) ) ) Head
    , substring( Tail, charindex( @SplitChar, Tail ) + 1, len( Tail ) ) Tail
  from StringToSplit
  where charindex( @SplitChar, Tail ) > 0

  union all

  select
      ltrim( rtrim( Tail ) ) Head
    , '' Tail
  from StringToSplit
  where charindex( @SplitChar, Tail ) = 0
    and len( Tail ) > 0
)
select Head from StringToSplit

Answer 13

This is more narrowly-tailored. When I do this I usually have a comma-delimited list of unique ids (INT or BIGINT), which I want to cast as a table to use as an inner join to another table that has a primary key of INT or BIGINT. I want an in-line table-valued function returned so that I have the most efficient join possible.

Sample usage would be:

 DECLARE @IDs VARCHAR(1000);
 SET @IDs = ',99,206,124,8967,1,7,3,45234,2,889,987979,';
 SELECT me.Value
 FROM dbo.MyEnum me
 INNER JOIN dbo.GetIntIdsTableFromDelimitedString(@IDs) ids ON me.PrimaryKey = ids.ID

I stole the idea from http://sqlrecords.blogspot.com/2012/11/converting-delimited-list-to-table.html, changing it to be in-line table-valued and cast as INT.

create function dbo.GetIntIDTableFromDelimitedString
    (
    @IDs VARCHAR(1000)  --this parameter must start and end with a comma, eg ',123,456,'
                        --all items in list must be perfectly formatted or function will error
)
RETURNS TABLE AS
 RETURN

SELECT
    CAST(SUBSTRING(@IDs,Nums.number + 1,CHARINDEX(',',@IDs,(Nums.number+2)) - Nums.number - 1) AS INT) AS ID 
FROM   
     [master].[dbo].[spt_values] Nums
WHERE Nums.Type = 'P' 
AND    Nums.number BETWEEN 1 AND DATALENGTH(@IDs)
AND    SUBSTRING(@IDs,Nums.number,1) = ','
AND    CHARINDEX(',',@IDs,(Nums.number+1)) > Nums.number;

GO

Answer 14

There is a correct version on here but I thought it would be nice to add a little fault tolerance in case they have a trailing comma as well as make it so you could use it not as a function but as part of a larger piece of code. Just in case you're only using it once time and don't need a function. This is also for integers (which is what I needed it for) so you might have to change your data types.

DECLARE @StringToSeperate VARCHAR(10)
SET @StringToSeperate = '1,2,5'

--SELECT @StringToSeperate IDs INTO #Test

DROP TABLE #IDs
CREATE TABLE #IDs (ID int) 

DECLARE @CommaSeperatedValue NVARCHAR(255) = ''
DECLARE @Position INT = LEN(@StringToSeperate)

--Add Each Value
WHILE CHARINDEX(',', @StringToSeperate) > 0
BEGIN
    SELECT @Position  = CHARINDEX(',', @StringToSeperate)  
    SELECT @CommaSeperatedValue = SUBSTRING(@StringToSeperate, 1, @Position-1)

    INSERT INTO #IDs 
    SELECT @CommaSeperatedValue

    SELECT @StringToSeperate = SUBSTRING(@StringToSeperate, @Position+1, LEN(@StringToSeperate)-@Position)

END

--Add Last Value
IF (LEN(LTRIM(RTRIM(@StringToSeperate)))>0)
BEGIN
    INSERT INTO #IDs
    SELECT SUBSTRING(@StringToSeperate, 1, @Position)
END

SELECT * FROM #IDs

Answer 15

I modified +Andy Robinson's function a little bit. Now you can select only required part from returning table:

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.splitstring ( @stringToSplit VARCHAR(MAX) )

RETURNS

 @returnList TABLE ([numOrder] [tinyint] , [Name] [nvarchar] (500)) AS
BEGIN

 DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(255)

 DECLARE @pos INT

 DECLARE @orderNum INT

 SET @orderNum=0

 WHILE CHARINDEX('.', @stringToSplit) > 0

 BEGIN
    SELECT @orderNum=@orderNum+1;
  SELECT @pos  = CHARINDEX('.', @stringToSplit)  
  SELECT @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos-1)

  INSERT INTO @returnList 
  SELECT @orderNum,@name

  SELECT @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos+1, LEN(@stringToSplit)-@pos)
 END
    SELECT @orderNum=@orderNum+1;
 INSERT INTO @returnList
 SELECT @orderNum, @stringToSplit

 RETURN
END


Usage:

SELECT Name FROM dbo.splitstring('ELIS.YD.CRP1.1.CBA.MDSP.T389.BT') WHERE numOrder=5

Answer 16

Simples

DECLARE @String varchar(100) = '11,21,84,85,87'

SELECT * FROM TB_PAPEL WHERE CD_PAPEL IN (SELECT value FROM STRING_SPLIT(@String, ','))
-- EQUIVALENTE
SELECT * FROM TB_PAPEL WHERE CD_PAPEL IN (11,21,84,85,87)

Answer 17

here is a version that can split on a pattern using patindex, a simple adaptation of the post above. I had a case where I needed to split a string that contained multiple separator chars.

alter FUNCTION dbo.splitstring ( @stringToSplit VARCHAR(1000), @splitPattern varchar(10) )
RETURNS
 @returnList TABLE ([Name] [nvarchar] (500))
AS
BEGIN

 DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(255)
 DECLARE @pos INT

 WHILE PATINDEX(@splitPattern, @stringToSplit) > 0
 BEGIN
  SELECT @pos  = PATINDEX(@splitPattern, @stringToSplit)  
  SELECT @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos-1)

  INSERT INTO @returnList 
  SELECT @name

  SELECT @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos+1, LEN(@stringToSplit)-@pos)
 END

 INSERT INTO @returnList
 SELECT @stringToSplit

 RETURN
END
select * from dbo.splitstring('stringa/stringb/x,y,z','%[/,]%');

result looks like this

stringa stringb x y z

Answer 18

Personnaly I use this function :

ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[CUST_SplitString]
(
    @String NVARCHAR(4000),
    @Delimiter NCHAR(1)
)
RETURNS TABLE 
AS
RETURN 
(
    WITH Split(stpos,endpos) 
    AS(
        SELECT 0 AS stpos, CHARINDEX(@Delimiter,@String) AS endpos
        UNION ALL
        SELECT endpos+1, CHARINDEX(@Delimiter,@String,endpos+1) 
        FROM Split
        WHERE endpos > 0
    )
    SELECT 'Id' = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 1)),
        'Data' = SUBSTRING(@String,stpos,COALESCE(NULLIF(endpos,0),LEN(@String)+1)-stpos)
    FROM Split
)

Answer 19

I have developed a double Splitter (Takes two split characters) as requested Here. Could be of some value in this thread seeing its the most referenced for queries relating to string splitting.

CREATE FUNCTION uft_DoubleSplitter 
(   
    -- Add the parameters for the function here
    @String VARCHAR(4000), 
    @Splitter1 CHAR,
    @Splitter2 CHAR
)
RETURNS @Result TABLE (Id INT,MId INT,SValue VARCHAR(4000))
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @FResult TABLE(Id INT IDENTITY(1, 1),
                   SValue VARCHAR(4000))
DECLARE @SResult TABLE(Id INT IDENTITY(1, 1),
                   MId INT,
                   SValue VARCHAR(4000))
SET @String = @String+@Splitter1

WHILE CHARINDEX(@Splitter1, @String) > 0
    BEGIN
       DECLARE @WorkingString VARCHAR(4000) = NULL

       SET @WorkingString = SUBSTRING(@String, 1, CHARINDEX(@Splitter1, @String) - 1)
       --Print @workingString

       INSERT INTO @FResult
       SELECT CASE
            WHEN @WorkingString = '' THEN NULL
            ELSE @WorkingString
            END

       SET @String = SUBSTRING(@String, LEN(@WorkingString) + 2, LEN(@String))

    END
IF ISNULL(@Splitter2, '') != ''
    BEGIN
       DECLARE @OStartLoop INT
       DECLARE @OEndLoop INT

       SELECT @OStartLoop = MIN(Id),
            @OEndLoop = MAX(Id)
       FROM @FResult

       WHILE @OStartLoop <= @OEndLoop
          BEGIN
             DECLARE @iString VARCHAR(4000)
             DECLARE @iMId INT

             SELECT @iString = SValue+@Splitter2,
                   @iMId = Id
             FROM @FResult
             WHERE Id = @OStartLoop

             WHILE CHARINDEX(@Splitter2, @iString) > 0
                BEGIN
                    DECLARE @iWorkingString VARCHAR(4000) = NULL

                    SET @IWorkingString = SUBSTRING(@iString, 1, CHARINDEX(@Splitter2, @iString) - 1)

                    INSERT INTO @SResult
                    SELECT @iMId,
                         CASE
                         WHEN @iWorkingString = '' THEN NULL
                         ELSE @iWorkingString
                         END

                    SET @iString = SUBSTRING(@iString, LEN(@iWorkingString) + 2, LEN(@iString))

                END

             SET @OStartLoop = @OStartLoop + 1
          END
       INSERT INTO @Result
       SELECT MId AS PrimarySplitID,
            ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY MId ORDER BY Mid, Id) AS SecondarySplitID ,
            SValue
       FROM @SResult
    END
ELSE
    BEGIN
       INSERT INTO @Result
       SELECT Id AS PrimarySplitID,
            NULL AS SecondarySplitID,
            SValue
       FROM @FResult
    END
RETURN

Usage:

--FirstSplit
SELECT * FROM uft_DoubleSplitter('ValueA=ValueB=ValueC=ValueD==ValueE&ValueA=ValueB=ValueC===ValueE&ValueA=ValueB==ValueD===','&',NULL)

--Second Split
SELECT * FROM uft_DoubleSplitter('ValueA=ValueB=ValueC=ValueD==ValueE&ValueA=ValueB=ValueC===ValueE&ValueA=ValueB==ValueD===','&','=')

Possible Usage (Get second value of each split):

SELECT fn.SValue
FROM uft_DoubleSplitter('ValueA=ValueB=ValueC=ValueD==ValueE&ValueA=ValueB=ValueC===ValueE&ValueA=ValueB==ValueD===', '&', '=')AS fn
WHERE fn.mid = 2

Answer 20

A recursive cte based solution

declare @T table (iden int identity, col1 varchar(100));
insert into @T(col1) values
       ('ROOT/South America/Lima/Test/Test2')
     , ('ROOT/South America/Peru/Test/Test2')
     , ('ROOT//South America/Venuzuala ')
     , ('RtT/South America / ') 
     , ('ROOT/South Americas// '); 
declare @split char(1) = '/';
select @split as split;
with cte as 
(  select t.iden, case when SUBSTRING(REVERSE(rtrim(t.col1)), 1, 1) = @split then LTRIM(RTRIM(t.col1)) else LTRIM(RTRIM(t.col1)) + @split end  as col1, 0 as pos                             , 1 as cnt
   from @T t
   union all 
   select t.iden, t.col1                                                                                                                              , charindex(@split, t.col1, t.pos + 1), cnt + 1 
   from cte t 
   where charindex(@split, t.col1, t.pos + 1) > 0 
)
select t1.*, t2.pos, t2.cnt
     , ltrim(rtrim(SUBSTRING(t1.col1, t1.pos+1, t2.pos-t1.pos-1))) as bingo
from cte t1 
join cte t2 
  on t2.iden = t1.iden 
 and t2.cnt  = t1.cnt+1
 and t2.pos > t1.pos 
order by t1.iden, t1.cnt;

Answer 21

With all due respect to @AviG this is the bug free version of function deviced by him to return all the tokens in full.

IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE type = 'TF' AND name = 'TF_SplitString')
DROP FUNCTION [dbo].[TF_SplitString]
GO

-- =============================================
-- Author:  AviG
-- Amendments:  Parameterize the delimeter and included the missing chars in last token - Gemunu Wickremasinghe
-- Description: Tabel valued function that Breaks the delimeted string by given delimeter and returns a tabel having split results
-- Usage
-- select * from   [dbo].[TF_SplitString]('token1,token2,,,,,,,,token969',',')
-- 969 items should be returned
-- select * from   [dbo].[TF_SplitString]('4672978261,4672978255',',')
-- 2 items should be returned
-- =============================================
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.TF_SplitString 
( @stringToSplit VARCHAR(MAX) ,
  @delimeter char = ','
)
RETURNS
 @returnList TABLE ([Name] [nvarchar] (500))
AS
BEGIN

    DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(255)
    DECLARE @pos INT

    WHILE LEN(@stringToSplit) > 0
    BEGIN
        SELECT @pos  = CHARINDEX(@delimeter, @stringToSplit)


        if @pos = 0
        BEGIN
            SELECT @pos = LEN(@stringToSplit)
            SELECT @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos)  
        END
        else 
        BEGIN
            SELECT @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos-1)
        END

        INSERT INTO @returnList 
        SELECT @name

        SELECT @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos+1, LEN(@stringToSplit)-@pos)
    END

 RETURN
END

Answer 22

This is based on Andy Robertson's answer, I needed a delimiter other than comma.

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.splitstring ( @stringToSplit nvarchar(MAX), @delim nvarchar(max))
RETURNS
 @returnList TABLE ([value] [nvarchar] (MAX))
AS
BEGIN

 DECLARE @value NVARCHAR(max)
 DECLARE @pos INT

 WHILE CHARINDEX(@delim, @stringToSplit) > 0
 BEGIN
  SELECT @pos  = CHARINDEX(@delim, @stringToSplit)  
  SELECT @value = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos - 1)

  INSERT INTO @returnList 
  SELECT @value

  SELECT @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos + LEN(@delim), LEN(@stringToSplit) - @pos)
 END

 INSERT INTO @returnList
 SELECT @stringToSplit

 RETURN
END
GO

And to use it:

SELECT * FROM dbo.splitstring('test1 test2 test3', ' ');

(Tested on SQL Server 2008 R2)

EDIT: correct test code

Answer 23

ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].func_split_string
(
    @input as varchar(max),
    @delimiter as varchar(10) = ";"

)
RETURNS @result TABLE
(
    id smallint identity(1,1),
    csv_value varchar(max) not null
)
AS
BEGIN
    DECLARE @pos AS INT;
    DECLARE @string AS VARCHAR(MAX) = '';

    WHILE LEN(@input) > 0
    BEGIN           
        SELECT @pos = CHARINDEX(@delimiter,@input);

        IF(@pos<=0)
            select @pos = len(@input)

        IF(@pos <> LEN(@input))
            SELECT @string = SUBSTRING(@input, 1, @pos-1);
        ELSE
            SELECT @string = SUBSTRING(@input, 1, @pos);

        INSERT INTO @result SELECT @string

        SELECT @input = SUBSTRING(@input, @pos+len(@delimiter), LEN(@input)-@pos)       
    END
    RETURN  
END

Answer 24

You can Use this function:

        CREATE FUNCTION SplitString
        (    
           @Input NVARCHAR(MAX),
           @Character CHAR(1)
          )
            RETURNS @Output TABLE (
            Item NVARCHAR(1000)
          )
        AS
        BEGIN

      DECLARE @StartIndex INT, @EndIndex INT
      SET @StartIndex = 1
      IF SUBSTRING(@Input, LEN(@Input) - 1, LEN(@Input)) <> @Character
      BEGIN
            SET @Input = @Input + @Character
      END

      WHILE CHARINDEX(@Character, @Input) > 0
      BEGIN
            SET @EndIndex = CHARINDEX(@Character, @Input)

            INSERT INTO @Output(Item)
            SELECT SUBSTRING(@Input, @StartIndex, @EndIndex - 1)

            SET @Input = SUBSTRING(@Input, @EndIndex + 1, LEN(@Input))
      END

      RETURN
END
GO

Answer 25

Here is an example that you can use as function or also you can put the same logic in procedure. --SELECT * from [dbo].fn_SplitString ;

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fn_SplitString]
(@CSV VARCHAR(MAX), @Delimeter VARCHAR(100) = ',')
       RETURNS @retTable TABLE 
(

    [value] VARCHAR(MAX) NULL
)AS

BEGIN

DECLARE
       @vCSV VARCHAR (MAX) = @CSV,
       @vDelimeter VARCHAR (100) = @Delimeter;

IF @vDelimeter = ';'
BEGIN
    SET @vCSV = REPLACE(@vCSV, ';', '~!~#~');
    SET @vDelimeter = REPLACE(@vDelimeter, ';', '~!~#~');
END;

SET @vCSV = REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(@vCSV, '&', '&amp;'), '<', '&lt;'), '>', '&gt;'), '''', '&apos;'), '"', '&quot;');

DECLARE @xml XML;

SET @xml = '<i>' + REPLACE(@vCSV, @vDelimeter, '</i><i>') + '</i>';

INSERT INTO @retTable
SELECT
       x.i.value('.', 'varchar(max)') AS COLUMNNAME
  FROM @xml.nodes('//i')AS x(i);

 RETURN;
END;

Answer 26

/*

Answer to T-SQL split string
Based on answers from Andy Robinson and AviG
Enhanced functionality ref: LEN function not including trailing spaces in SQL Server
This 'file' should be valid as both a markdown file and an SQL file

*/

    CREATE FUNCTION dbo.splitstring ( --CREATE OR ALTER
        @stringToSplit NVARCHAR(MAX)
    ) RETURNS @returnList TABLE ([Item] NVARCHAR (MAX))
    AS BEGIN
        DECLARE @name NVARCHAR(MAX)
        DECLARE @pos BIGINT
        SET @stringToSplit = @stringToSplit + ','             -- this should allow entries that end with a `,` to have a blank value in that "column"
        WHILE ((LEN(@stringToSplit+'_') > 1)) BEGIN           -- `+'_'` gets around LEN trimming terminal spaces. See URL referenced above
            SET @pos = COALESCE(NULLIF(CHARINDEX(',', @stringToSplit),0),LEN(@stringToSplit+'_')) -- COALESCE grabs first non-null value
            SET @name = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, 1, @pos-1)  --MAX size of string of type nvarchar is 4000 
            SET @stringToSplit = SUBSTRING(@stringToSplit, @pos+1, 4000) -- With SUBSTRING fn (MS web): "If start is greater than the number of characters in the value expression, a zero-length expression is returned."
            INSERT INTO @returnList SELECT @name --additional debugging parameters below can be added
            -- + ' pos:' + CAST(@pos as nvarchar) + ' remain:''' + @stringToSplit + '''(' + CAST(LEN(@stringToSplit+'_')-1 as nvarchar) + ')'
        END
        RETURN
    END
    GO

/*

Test cases: see URL referenced as "enhanced functionality" above

SELECT *,LEN(Item+'_')-1 'L' from splitstring('a,,b')

Item | L
---  | ---
a    | 1
     | 0
b    | 1

SELECT *,LEN(Item+'_')-1 'L' from splitstring('a,,')

Item | L   
---  | ---
a    | 1
     | 0
     | 0

SELECT *,LEN(Item+'_')-1 'L' from splitstring('a,, ')

Item | L   
---  | ---
a    | 1
     | 0
     | 1

SELECT *,LEN(Item+'_')-1 'L' from splitstring('a,, c ')

Item | L   
---  | ---
a    | 1
     | 0
 c   | 3

*/

Answer 27

The easiest way:

1. Install SQL Server 2016
2. Use STRING_SPLIT https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt684588.aspx

It works even in express edition :).