Sort an array so that null values always come last

Question

I need to sort an array of strings, but I need it so that null is always last. For example, the array:

var arr = [a, b, null, d, null]

When sorted ascending I need it to be sorted like [a, b, d, null, null] and when sorted descending I need it to be sorted like [d, b, a, null, null].

Is this possible? I tried the solution found below but it's not quite what I need.

How can one compare string and numeric values (respecting negative values, with null always last)?

Answer 1

Check out .sort() and do it with custom sorting. Example

function alphabetically(ascending) {
  return function (a, b) {
    // equal items sort equally
    if (a === b) {
        return 0;
    }

    // nulls sort after anything else
    if (a === null) {
        return 1;
    }
    if (b === null) {
        return -1;
    }

    // otherwise, if we're ascending, lowest sorts first
    if (ascending) {
        return a < b ? -1 : 1;
    }

    // if descending, highest sorts first
    return a < b ? 1 : -1;
  };
}



var arr = [null, "a", "z", null, "b"];

console.log(arr.sort(alphabetically(true)));
console.log(arr.sort(alphabetically(false)));

Answer 2

Use a custom compare function that discriminates against null values:

arr.sort(function(a, b) {
    return (a===null)-(b===null) || +(a>b)||-(a<b);
});

For descending order of the non-null values, just swap a and b in the direct comparison:

arr.sort(function(a, b) {
    return (a===null)-(b===null) || -(a>b)||+(a<b);
});

Answer 3

Ascending

arr.sort((a, b) => (a != null ? a : Infinity) - (b != null ? b : Infinity))

Descending

arr.sort((a, b) => (b != null ? b : -Infinity) - (a != null ? a : -Infinity))

(For descending order if you don't have negative values in the array, I recommend to use 0 instead of -Infinity)

Answer 4

The simplest approach is to handle null first, then deal with non-null cases based on the desired order:

function sortnull(arr, ascending) {
  // default to ascending
  if (typeof(ascending) === "undefined")
    ascending = true;

  const multiplier = ascending ? 1 : -1;

  const sorter = function(a, b) {
    if (a === b)          // identical? return 0
      return 0;
    else if (a === null)  // a is null? last 
      return 1;
    else if (b === null)  // b is null? last
      return -1;
    else                  // compare, negate if descending
      return a.localeCompare(b) * multiplier;
  }

  return arr.sort(sorter);
}

const arr = ["a", "b", null, "d", null];

console.log(sortnull(arr));        // ascending   ["a", "b", "d", null, null]
console.log(sortnull(arr, true));  // ascending   ["a", "b", "d", null, null]
console.log(sortnull(arr, false)); // descending  ["d", "b", "a", null, null]

Answer 5

If you need natural sorting for numbers, or any of the options provided by Collator (including speed enhancements and respecting locale), try this approach, based off of Paul Roub's solution, cleaned up a bit. We almost always use numeric sorting, hence the defaults...

If you are not a Typescript fan, just strip off the :type specs or copy from the snippet.

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Collator

const naturalCollator = new Intl.Collator(undefined, {numeric: true, sensitivity: 'base'});
const alphabeticCollator = new Intl.Collator(undefined, {});

function nullSort(descending: boolean = false, alphabetic: boolean = false) {
  return function (a: any, b: any): number {
    if (a === b) {
      return 0;
    }
    if (a === null) {
      return 1;
    }
    if (b === null) {
      return -1;
    }

    let ret
    if (alphabetic) {
      ret = alphabeticCollator.compare(a, b)
    } else {
      ret = naturalCollator.compare(a, b)
    }
    if (descending) {
      ret = -ret
    }
    return ret
  };
}

Use it like this.

// numeric, ascending (default)
myList.sort(nullSort());

// alphabetic, descending
myList.sort(nullSort(true, true));

You can modify the factory method to take a collator instead, for greater flexibility.

function nullSort(descending: boolean = false, collator: Collator = naturalCollator)

Working Snippet

const naturalCollator = new Intl.Collator(undefined, {
  numeric: true,
  sensitivity: 'base'
});
const alphabeticCollator = new Intl.Collator(undefined, {});

function nullSort(descending = false, alphabetic = false) {
  return function(a, b) {
    if (a === b) {
      return 0;
    }
    if (a === null) {
      return 1;
    }
    if (b === null) {
      return -1;
    }

    let ret
    if (alphabetic) {
      ret = alphabeticCollator.compare(a, b)
    } else {
      ret = naturalCollator.compare(a, b)
    }
    if (descending) {
      ret = -ret
    }
    return ret
  };
}

const items = [null, 10, 1, 100, null, 'hello', .1, null]

console.log(items.sort(nullSort()));

Answer 6

I am sorting objects with a custom index and this works for me. I am not wanting to change the original array and it is important to keep the null indexes where they are.

let sorted = [...array].sort((a, b) => {
               if (!a || !b) return 0;
               else return a.CustomIndex - b.CustomIndex;
             });

Answer 7

Do it like:

        var arr = [a, b, null, d, null]

        foreach ($arr as $key => $value) {
           if($value == null)
           unset($arr[$key]);
           $arr[] = $value;

        }
        // rebuild array index
        $arr = array_values($arr);

        echo '<pre>';print_r($arr);die;