How to format numbers by prepending 0 to single-digit numbers?

Question

I want to format a number to have two digits. The problem is caused when 0–9 is passed, so I need it to be formatted to 00–09.

Is there a number formatter in JavaScript?

Answer 1

Edit (2021):

It's no longer necessary to format numbers by hand like this anymore. This answer was written way-back-when in the distant year of 2011 when IE was important and babel and bundlers were just a wonderful, hopeful dream.

I think it would be a mistake to delete this answer; however in case you find yourself here, I would like to kindly direct your attention to the second highest voted answer to this question as of this edit.

It will introduce you to the use of .toLocaleString() with the options parameter of {minimumIntegerDigits: 2}. Exciting stuff. Below I've recreated all three examples from my original answer using this method for your convenience.

[7, 7.5, -7.2345].forEach(myNumber => {
  let formattedNumber = myNumber.toLocaleString('en-US', {
    minimumIntegerDigits: 2,
    useGrouping: false
  })
  console.log(
    'Input:    ' + myNumber + '\n' +
    'Output:   ' + formattedNumber
  )
})

---

Original Answer:

The best method I've found is something like the following:

_{(Note that this simple version only works for positive integers)}

var myNumber = 7;
var formattedNumber = ("0" + myNumber).slice(-2);
console.log(formattedNumber);

For decimals, you could use this code (it's a bit sloppy though).

var myNumber = 7.5;
var dec = myNumber - Math.floor(myNumber);
myNumber = myNumber - dec;
var formattedNumber = ("0" + myNumber).slice(-2) + dec.toString().substr(1);
console.log(formattedNumber);

Lastly, if you're having to deal with the possibility of negative numbers, it's best to store the sign, apply the formatting to the absolute value of the number, and reapply the sign after the fact. Note that this method doesn't restrict the number to 2 total digits. Instead it only restricts the number to the left of the decimal (the integer part). (The line that determines the sign was found here).

var myNumber = -7.2345;
var sign = myNumber?myNumber<0?-1:1:0;
myNumber = myNumber * sign + ''; // poor man's absolute value
var dec = myNumber.match(/\.\d+$/);
var int = myNumber.match(/^[^\.]+/);

var formattedNumber = (sign < 0 ? '-' : '') + ("0" + int).slice(-2) + (dec !== null ? dec : '');
console.log(formattedNumber);

Answer 2

Use the toLocaleString() method in any number. So for the number 6, as seen below, you can get the desired results.

(6).toLocaleString('en-US', {minimumIntegerDigits: 2, useGrouping:false})

Will generate the string '06'.

Answer 3

If the number is higher than 9, convert the number to a string (consistency). Otherwise, add a zero.

function n(n){
    return n > 9 ? "" + n: "0" + n;
}

n( 9); //Returns "09"
n(10); //Returns "10"
n(999);//Returns "999"

Answer 4

In all modern browsers you can use

numberStr.padStart(2, "0");

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/padStart

function zeroPad(numberStr) {
  return numberStr.padStart(2, "0");
}

var numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10];

numbers.forEach(
  function(num) {
    var numString = num.toString();
    
    var paddedNum = zeroPad(numString);

    console.log(paddedNum);
  }
);

Answer 5

Here's a simple number padding function that I use usually. It allows for any amount of padding.

function leftPad(number, targetLength) {
    var output = number + '';
    while (output.length < targetLength) {
        output = '0' + output;
    }
    return output;
}

Examples:

leftPad(1, 2) // 01
leftPad(10, 2) // 10
leftPad(100, 2) // 100
leftPad(1, 3) // 001
leftPad(1, 8) // 00000001

Answer 6

@Lifehack's answer was very useful to me; where I think we can do it in one line for positive numbers

 String(input).padStart(2, '0');

Answer 7

You can use the padStart method:

more info: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/String/padStart

check this example:

function n(num, len = 2) {
  return `${num}`.padStart(len, '0');
}

console.log(n( 9));   //print "09"
console.log(n(10));   //print "10"
console.log(n(999));  //print "999"
console.log(n(999,6));//print "000999"

Answer 8

("0" + (date.getMonth() +　1)).slice(-2);
("0" + (date.getDay())).slice(-2);

Answer 9

You can do:

function pad2(number) {
   return (number < 10 ? '0' : '') + number
}

Example:

document.write(pad2(0) + '<br />');
document.write(pad2(1) + '<br />');
document.write(pad2(2) + '<br />');
document.write(pad2(10) + '<br />');
document.write(pad2(15) + '<br />');

Result:

00
01
02
10
15

Answer 10

It seems you might have a string, instead of a number. use this:

var num = document.getElementById('input').value,
    replacement = num.replace(/^(\d)$/, '0$1');
document.getElementById('input').value = replacement;

Here's an example: http://jsfiddle.net/xtgFp/

Answer 11

Here is a very simple solution that worked well for me.

First declare a variable to hold your number.

var number;

Now convert the number to a string and hold it in another variable;

var numberStr = number.toString();

Now you can test the length of this string , if it is less than desired you can append a 'zero' at the beginning.

if(numberStr.length < 2){
      number = '0' + number;
}

Now use the number as desired

console.log(number);

Answer 12

Quick and dirty one liner....

function zpad(n, len) {
  return 0..toFixed(len).slice(2,-n.toString().length)+n.toString();
}

Answer 13

Here's the easiest solution I found:-

let num = 9; // any number between 0 & 99
let result = ( '0' + num ).substr( -2 );

Answer 14

This is simple and works pretty well:

function twoDigit(number) {
  var twodigit = number >= 10 ? number : "0"+number.toString();
  return twodigit;
}

Answer 15

My version:

`${Math.trunc(num / 10)}${Math.trunc(num % 10)}`;

const func = (num) => `${Math.trunc(num / 10)}${Math.trunc(num % 10)}`;

const nums = [1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 20, 56, 80];
nums.forEach(num => console.log(func(num)));

Answer 16

I know this is an ancient post, but I wanted to provide a more flexible and OO solution option.

I've extrapolated the accepted answer a bit and extended javascript's Number object to allow for adjustable zero padding:

Number.prototype.zeroPad = function(digits) {
  var loop = digits;
  var zeros = "";
  while (loop) {
    zeros += "0";
    loop--;
  }
  return (this.toString().length > digits) ?
    this.toString() : (zeros + this).slice(-digits);
}
var v = 5;
console.log(v.zeroPad(2)); // returns "05"
console.log(v.zeroPad(4)); // returns "0005"

Edit: Add code to prevent cutting off numbers longer than your requested digits.

NOTE: This is obsolete in all but IE. Use padStart() instead.

Answer 17

Improved version of previous answer

function atLeast2Digit(n){
    n = parseInt(n); //ex. if already passed '05' it will be converted to number 5
    var ret = n > 9 ? "" + n: "0" + n;
    return ret;
}

alert(atLeast2Digit(5));

Answer 18

Updated for ES6 Arrow Functions (Supported in almost all modern browsers, see CanIUse)

const formatNumber = n => ("0" + n).slice(-2);

Answer 19

There is not a built-in number formatter for JavaScript, but there are some libraries that accomplish this:

1. underscore.string provides an sprintf function (along with many other useful formatters)
2. javascript-sprintf, which underscore.string borrows from.

Answer 20

or

function zpad(n,l){
   return rep(l-n.toString().length, '0') + n.toString();
}

with

function rep(len, chr) { 
   return new Array(len+1).join(chr);
}

Answer 21

If you want to limit your digits at the same time:

function pad2(number) {
  number = (number < 10 ? '0' : '') + number;
  number = number.substring(0,2);
  return number;
}

This would also chop of any value that exceeds two digits. I have been extending this upon fanaur's solution.

Answer 22

`${number}`.replace(/^(\d)$/, '0$1');

Regex is the best.

Answer 23

<html>
    <head>
        <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.11.0.min.js"></script>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            $(document).ready(function(){
                $('#test').keypress(allowOnlyTwoPositiveDigts);
            });

            function allowOnlyTwoPositiveDigts(e){

                var test = /^[\-]?[0-9]{1,2}?$/
                return test.test(this.value+String.fromCharCode(e.which))
            }

        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
        <input id="test" type="text" />
    </body>
</html>

Answer 24

Here's a simple recursive solution that works for any number of digits.

function numToNDigitStr(num, n)
{
    if(num >=  Math.pow(10, n - 1)) { return num; }
    return "0" + numToNDigitStr(num, n-1);
}

Answer 25

If you don't have lodash in your project it will be an overkill to add the whole library just to use one function. This is the most sophisticated solution of your problem I've ever seen.

_.padStart(num, 2, '0')

Answer 26

I built a pretty simple format function that I call whenever I need a simple date formatted. It deals with formatting single digits to double digits when they're less than 10. It kicks out a date formatted as Sat Sep 29 2018 - 00:05:44

This function is used as part of a utils variable so it's called as:

let timestamp = utils._dateFormatter('your date string');

var utils = {
  _dateFormatter: function(dateString) {
    let d = new Date(dateString);
    let hours = d.getHours();
    let minutes = d.getMinutes();
    let seconds = d.getSeconds();
    d = d.toDateString();
    if (hours < 10) {
      hours = '0' + hours;
    }
    if (minutes < 10) {
      minutes = '0' + minutes;
    }
    if (seconds < 10) {
      seconds = '0' + seconds;
    }
    let formattedDate = d + ' - ' + hours + ':' + minutes + ':' + seconds;
    return formattedDate;
  }
}

Answer 27

My Example like this

         var n =9;
         var checkval=('00'+n).slice(-2);
         console.log(checkval)

and the output is 09

Answer 28

You may also use Intl an ECMAScript International API that can customize your number as simple as this

let Number= Intl.NumberFormat('en-US', {
  minimumIntegerDigits: 2,
  minimumFractionDigits: 2
});

console.log(Number.format(2));
//02.00

and lots of embeded function that has Intl, you can put a prefix notation, signs and money format etc. for documentation just click here

Answer 29

Here's my version. Can easily be adapted to other scenarios.

function setNumericFormat(value) {
    var length = value.toString().length;
    if (length < 4) {
        var prefix = "";
        for (var i = 1; i <= 4 - length; i++) {
            prefix += "0";
        }
        return prefix + value.toString();
    }
    return  value.toString();
}

Answer 30

    function colorOf(r,g,b){
  var f = function (x) {
    return (x<16 ? '0' : '') + x.toString(16) 
  };

  return "#" +  f(r) + f(g) + f(b);
}

Answer 31

For anyone who wants to have time differences and have results that can take negative numbers here is a good one. pad(3) = "03", pad(-2) = "-02", pad(-234) = "-234"

pad = function(n){
  if(n >= 0){
    return n > 9 ? "" + n : "0" + n;
  }else{
    return n < -9 ? "" + n : "-0" + Math.abs(n);
  }
}

Answer 32

my example would be:

<div id="showTime"></div>

    function x() {
    var showTime = document.getElementById("showTime");
    var myTime = new Date();
    var hour = myTime.getHours();
    var minu = myTime.getMinutes();
    var secs = myTime.getSeconds();
    if (hour < 10) {
        hour = "0" + hour
    };
    if (minu < 10) {
        minu = "0" + minu
    };
    if (secs < 10) {
        secs = "0" + secs
    };

    showTime.innerHTML = hour + ":" + minu + ":" + secs;
}

setInterval("x()", 1000)

Answer 33

with this function you can print with any n digits you want

function frmtDigit(num, n) {
    isMinus = num < 0;
    if (isMinus)
        num *= -1;
    digit = '';
    if (typeof n == 'undefined')
        n = 2;//two digits
    for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
        if (num < (1 + Array(i + 1).join("0")))
            digit += '0';
    }
    digit = (isMinus ? '-' : '') + digit + num;
    return digit;
};

Answer 34

AS datatype in Javascript are determined dynamically it treats 04 as 4 Use conditional statement if value is lesser then 10 then add 0 before it by make it string E.g,

var x=4;
  x = x<10?"0"+x:x
 console.log(x); // 04

Answer 35

This is an old question, but wanted to add to it. In modern browsers you may use repeat which makes formatting simple for positive numbers:

('0'.repeat(digits - 1) + num).substr(-digits)

If you want support for IE and know the maximum number of digits (for instance, 10 digits):

('000000000' + num).substr(-digits)

For negative integers:

(num < 0 ? '-' : '') + ('000000000' + Math.abs(num)).substr(-digits)

With an explicit + for positive numbers:

['-', '', '+'][Math.sign(num) + 1] + ('000000000' + Math.abs(num)).substr(-digits)

Answer 36

This is a very nice and short solution:

smartTime(time) {
  return time < 10 ? "0" + time.toString().trim() : time;
}