Using the Android Application class to persist data

Question

I'm working on a fairly complex Android application that requires a somewhat large amount of data about the application (I'd say a total of about 500KB -- is this large for a mobile device?). From what I can tell, any orientation change in the application (in the activity, to be more precise) causes a complete destruction and recreation of the activity. Based on my findings, the Application class does not have the same life-cycle (i.e. it is, for all intents and purposes, always instantiated). Does it make sense to store the state information inside of the application class and then reference it from the Activity, or is that generally not the "acceptable" method due to memory constraints on mobile devices? I really appreciate any advice on this topic. Thanks!

Answer 1

I don't think 500kb will be that big of a deal.

What you described is exactly how I tackled my problem of losing data in an activity. I created a global singleton in the Application class and was able to access it from the activities I used.

You can pass data around in a Global Singleton if it is going to be used a lot.

public class YourApplication extends Application 
{     
     public SomeDataClass data = new SomeDataClass();
}

Then call it in any activity by:

YourApplication appState = ((YourApplication)this.getApplication());
appState.data.UseAGetterOrSetterHere(); // Do whatever you need to with the data here.

I discuss it here in my blog post, under the section "Global Singleton."

Answer 2

Those who count on Application instance are wrong. At first, it may seem as though the Application exists for as long as the whole app process exists but this is an incorrect assumption.

The OS may kill processes as necessary. All processes are divided into 5 levels of "killability" specified in the doc.

So, for instance, if your app goes in the background due to the user answering to an incoming call, then depending on the state of the RAM, the OS may (or may not) kill your process (destroying the Application instance in the process).

I think a better approach would be to persist your data to internal storage file and then read it when your activity resumes.

UPDATE:

I got many negative feedbacks, so it is time to add a clarification. :) Well, initially I realy used a wrong assumption that the state is really important for the app. However if your app is OK that sometimes the state is lost (it could be some images that will be just reread/redownloaded), then it is fully OK to keep it as a member of Application.

Answer 3

If you want to access the "Global Singleton" outside of an activity and you don't want to pass the Context through all the involved objects to obtain the singleton, you can just define a static attribute in your application class, which holds the reference to itself. Just initialize the attribute in the onCreate() method.

For example:

public class ApplicationController extends Application {
    private static ApplicationController _appCtrl;

    public static ApplicationController getAppCtrl()
    {
         return _appCtrl;
    }
}

Because subclasses of Application also can obtain the Resources, you could access them simply when you define a static method, which returns them, like:

public static Resources getAppResources()
{
    return _appCtrl.getResources();
}

But be very careful when passing around Context references to avoid memory leaks.

Answer 4

Dave, what kind of data is it? If it's general data that pertains to the application as a whole (example: user data), then extend the Application class and store it there. If the data pertains to the Activity, you should use the onSaveInstanceState and onRestoreInstanceState handlers to persist the data on screen rotation.

Answer 5

You can actually override the orientation functionality to make sure that your activity isn't destroyed and recreated. Look here.

Answer 6

You can create Application class and save your all data on that calss for use that anywhere in your application.

Answer 7

I know this is the very old question but using the ViewModel from the jetpack components is the best way to preserve the data between Activity rotation.

The ViewModel class is designed to store and manage UI-related data in a lifecycle conscious way. The ViewModel class allows data to survive configuration changes such as screen rotations.