After struggling with this error for several hours I found some clues of this puzzle you maybe find useful.
First I found a log in the current workspace where the errors were logged, particularly:
!ENTRY org.eclipse.andmore 4 0 2017-12-21 06:05:34.764
!MESSAGE Failed to load C:\Program Files (x86)\Android\android-sdk\build-tools\27.0.2\lib\dx.jar
!STACK 0
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.android.dx.command.DxConsole
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.andmore.internal.build.DexWrapper.loadDex(DexWrapper.java:109)
at org.eclipse.andmore.internal.sdk.Sdk.getDexWrapper(Sdk.java:806)
at org.eclipse.andmore.internal.build.BuildHelper.executeDx(BuildHelper.java:777)
at org.eclipse.andmore.internal.project.ExportHelper.exportReleaseApk(ExportHelper.java:274)
at org.eclipse.andmore.internal.project.ExportHelper$2.run(ExportHelper.java:376)
at org.eclipse.core.internal.jobs.Worker.run(Worker.java:55)
So there is something else aside the Failed to load.
I checked dx.jar and I verified DxConsole class is not there. Even more, DxConsole is not also in 26.0.3. However, I found it in 25.0.3 (I just opened the jar using any binary tool and looking for DxConsole. Even it is a Zip file, DxConsole filename can't be compressed so it would be easy to search for).
Summing up, those users saying that replacing dx.jar for an older dx.jar version are right to some point.
-You will need first close Eclipse (otherwise you will have errors trying to replace the jar file)
- Be careful what dx.jar version you are using for replace (25.0.3 worked for me)
- make backup of {android sdk}\build-tools\27.0.2\lib\dx.jar and replace it with {android-sdk}build-tools\25.0.3\lib\dx.jar
-This issue is likely to happen with anybody having 26.0.x version
-This worked for me , afterwards I had a 'No DEX file found' but I guess this is not related. Otherwise, I'll improve this answer.
Few additional things to being noticed:
-I'm using Eclipse Neon 3.
-My proyect is using Android 4.2.2 (API 17) and Android (API 10) so the problem seems to be unrelated with my project. I believe there are clever people out there that will figure it out what is going on.