Copy to Output Directory copies folder structure but only want to copy files

Question

I have a VS2008 I want to copy certain files from a directory into my /bin/ folder. I have set the files (located in /common/browserhawk/) to "Copy to Output Directory". However, it copies the folder structure as well: the files are copied to /bin/common/browserhawk/

How do I get these files to copy to just /bin/? I do not want to store these in the root of the website to get them to copy correctly.

Related Question: Visual Studio adds .dll and .pdb to project after compiling

score 61 · Accepted Answer · edited Sep 23 '15 at 14:42

61

You can add a Post Build Event to copy the files.
Go to project properties, Build Events tab and add the following to the Post-build event command line:

copy "$(ProjectDir)\common\browserhawk\*.*" "$(TargetDir)"

Be sure to include the quotes if your project path has spaces in it.

edited Sep 23 '15 at 14:42

KurzedMetal

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answered Jul 23 '10 at 20:29

Bill A.

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Thanks for that advice, as it has just worked for me in VS2012 as well. – Dib Sep 30 '14 at 05:40
2

I've modified this slightly in my case: `xcopy /s /d /y "$(ProjectDir)\stuff" "$(TargetDir)\stuff"` – Danny Staple Oct 22 '15 at 20:29

shockwave · Answer 2 · 2010-12-01T19:20:43.363

47

Since I cannot comment on previous answers, I will put the solution here:

Adding to what @PaulAlexander provided, add the following to your .csproj/.vbproj file:

<ItemGroup>
    <AvailableItemName Include="RootContent">
      <Visible>false</Visible>
    </AvailableItemName>  
</ItemGroup>
<Target Name="AfterBuild">
    <Copy
        DestinationFolder="$(OutputPath)"
        SourceFiles="@(RootContent)"
        SkipUnchangedFiles="true"
        />  
</Target>

This allows you to select "RootContent" as the Build Action in the Properties window, and all can be accessed via the GUI. A more complete explanation: the "AvailableItemName" option basically creates a new named-list that you can assign items in the project to under the "Build Action" property in the Properties window. You can then use this newly created list in any Target you like (eg via "@(RootContent)").

edited Dec 01 '10 at 19:20

answered Dec 01 '10 at 16:09

shockwave

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Nice answer, just used this myself to success! – Chris Marisic Jan 21 '11 at 17:57
Also note that VS 2010 (not sure about older versions) will complain about `AvailableItemName` being an invalid element if you edit the project file within VS; just ignore the warning, it works anyway. – Aaronaught Oct 08 '11 at 12:39
2

Unfortunately this only copies the file into the output directory of the project the file belongs to - and not in the output directory of the startup project. This is important when using this in a library project. – Sebastian Krysmanski Sep 05 '12 at 13:08
@SebastianKrysmanski that means you don't have the output directories for your projects set to point to the same directory. – Jonathon Reinhart Sep 13 '12 at 17:18
@JonathonReinhart Correct, if you do this the problem goes away. Unfortunately this isn't always easily possible (when working with project from other persons). – Sebastian Krysmanski Sep 14 '12 at 07:41
2

This works great for building in release and debug mode with vs2008 but it does not seem to work when using one click publishing. Any suggestions? – Soenhay Apr 17 '13 at 17:38
But it didn't copy RootContent files to my project output folder. I've tested with VS2008 and VS2010. Any suggestions? Can anyone post a sample project? – Masood Khaari Nov 06 '13 at 06:37
Not sure if this is just not relevant anymore or what happened but it doesn't work. Tested with `Copy to output directory` set to both `Copy if newer` and `Do not copy`. It still copies the directory structure with `Copy if newer` and doesn't do anything with `Do not copy` – Brandon May 08 '14 at 13:47
2

Not worked for me in vs2015. Fixed by rewriting target a bit: `` ... – lorond Apr 28 '16 at 14:04

score 44 · Answer 3 · answered Feb 03 '14 at 18:18

44

If you edit the .csproj / .vbproj in a text editor, you can control where the file is placed in the output directory, and also what name the file will have in the output directory. For example:

<None Include="content\someContent.txt">
  <Link>someContentInOutputDirectory.txt</Link>
  <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</None>

This will put the file content\someContent.txt into bin\someContentInOutputDirectory.txt. You can also choose a subdirectory in bin if you want; simply add it to the Link element.

answered Feb 03 '14 at 18:18

Daniel Yankowsky

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Wow, was I lucky to need this now and not two days ago. Thanks; this is great! – Asherah Feb 06 '14 at 05:49
I don't think that's what the 'Link' property does. I believe it is used to include files external files into your project without copying those in your project ? – toong Apr 09 '14 at 06:50
@toong: Often times, the names of things in MSBuild don't correspond in any way to their name in Visual Studio. I found that solution by looking at the imported .targets files and using ILSpy on the MSBuild task assemblies. The particular task that consumes the Link metadata is called AssignTargetPath, which is part of the AssignTargetPaths target from the Microsoft.Common.CurrentVersion.targets file. If I remember correctly, the TargetPath metadata gets used by the _CopyOutOfDateSourceItemsToOutputDirectory target from the same file. You can trace the rest. – Daniel Yankowsky Apr 09 '14 at 18:33
@toong: Having said everything in the other comment, you're probably correct that this particular feature is used to make linked files work. But it can also be used for other purposes. – Daniel Yankowsky Apr 09 '14 at 18:48
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Oh my god, thank you. I just spent 6 hours trying to fix some corner-case garbage where VS wasn't copying .dll's in an intelligent way. This is the real answer to life, the universe and everything. – Brandon May 08 '14 at 15:50
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This is by far the best solution – PhilHdt Jun 20 '14 at 20:11
This doesn't seem to work with existing files added "as link". The tags seem to describe where the linked file is located within the project which is obviously defeating the purpose. Could this answer be extended to include this? – Izzy Jun 15 '15 at 10:30
@Izzy The Include attribute refers to the source of the file, and the Link tag refers to the desired output path and file name. I don't have a copy of VS2008 handy, but I just tried it in VS2013 and it worked fine (and I had tested the original answer in VS2008). I added a linked, external file, I set it to "copy if newer", I hand-edited the Link tag to change the output directory, and it seemed to work fine. What isn't working for you? – Daniel Yankowsky Jun 16 '15 at 03:50
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/30864223/add-as-link-to-within-a-project-folder-to-copy-always-to-root-of-output – Izzy Jun 16 '15 at 09:53
1

I found once I had done this and reloaded the project in visual studio the dependency files disappeared from the solution explorer as if not included in the project. However it still builds as expected, and does copy to output as desired. As a work-around I'm currently adding each file twice; once with no action, and once with 'copy to output' set. – Élie Dec 02 '15 at 02:51
@Gui The files should still be in solution explorer. One caveat is that their location in solution explorer will reflect their Link metadata... a file that should be copied to foo/bar.txt will appear in solution explorer inside the foo folder there. At least, that's how it worked in VS2013. – Daniel Yankowsky Dec 14 '15 at 02:14
1

This is not the intended usage of this tag. In VS2013, this throws a warning when loading the project, and the file is not visible as added to the project because it is the project directory. – jpmc26 Jul 15 '16 at 20:58
Works for me, but I get ugly warnings in Visual Studio. Specifically: `The file 'XXX' could not be added to the project. Cannot add a link to the file XXX. This file is within the project directory tree.` Anyone manage to suppress this? – Rob May 15 '18 at 15:03
1

To specify the original file name, one can also use `%(Filename)%(Extension)`. – Pang Dec 08 '20 at 07:34

AMissico · Answer 4 · 2010-07-30T20:48:20.393

I believe the XCOPY command handles directories and files better. Therefore,

    XCOPY "$(ProjectDir)common/browserhawk" "$(TargetDir)" /E /I /F /Y

Which allows for creating folders off the target directory.

    XCOPY "$(ProjectDir)Templates" "$(TargetDir)" /E /I /F /Y

The Project folder/file structure of:

    A:\TEMP\CONSOLEAPPLICATION3\TEMPLATES
    ├───NewFolder1
    ├───NewFolder2
    │       TextFile1.txt
    │       TextFile2.txt
    └───NewFolder3
            TextFile1.txt
            TextFile2.txt
            TextFile3.txt

Becomes:

    A:\TEMP\CONSOLEAPPLICATION3\BIN\DEBUG
    │   ConsoleApplication3.exe
    │   ConsoleApplication3.pdb
    │   ConsoleApplication3.vshost.exe
    │   ConsoleApplication3.vshost.exe.manifest
    ├───NewFolder1
    ├───NewFolder2
    │       TextFile1.txt
    │       TextFile2.txt
    │
    └───NewFolder3
            TextFile1.txt
            TextFile2.txt
            TextFile3.txt

`/D` may be useful too, to avoid overwriting possible changes. — KurzedMetal, Sep 23 '15 at 14:50

score 10 · Answer 5 · edited Jul 29 '10 at 15:54

10

Add the following to your .csproj/.vbproj file

<Target Name="AfterBuild">
    <Copy
        DestinationFolder="$(OutputPath)"
        SourceFiles="@(RootContent)"
        SkipUnchangedFiles="true"
        />  
</Target>

Then change the Build Action of any files you want in the root folder to RootContent.

edited Jul 29 '10 at 15:54

AMissico

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answered Jun 18 '09 at 18:27

Paul Alexander

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Not through the dialogs...but you can edit your project in VS. Right-click the project and select Unload Project. Then right click and select Edit. Then you can edit the MSBuild file that is your project. – Paul Alexander Feb 21 '10 at 18:15
2

Thanks, this looks useful. Unfortuntely, even after adding your snippet to the .vbproj file, `RootContent` does not show up in the "Build Action" dropdown list and entering it manually results in a "Property value is not valid" error from Visual Studio. What did I miss? – Heinzi May 19 '10 at 14:07
Not working with Visual Studio 2010 C# Console Application project. – AMissico Jul 29 '10 at 15:58
Not working with Visual Studio 2010 VB.NET Console Application project. – AMissico Jul 29 '10 at 16:00
Not working with Visual Studio 2008 C# Console Application project. – AMissico Jul 29 '10 at 16:03
The actual Item list might be named something different. You can set the project build settings to Diagnostic and then build the project. In the output window, you'll see a long list of property/item values that MSBuild used to build the project. Check for the property value that best matches. – Paul Alexander Jul 30 '10 at 03:09
If you're going to do that, you should also update `FileWrites`. Otherwise, Clean won't actually clean up those files. See the `CopyFilesToOutputDirectory` built-in target. – Daniel Yankowsky Feb 03 '14 at 18:24
Edit the project file manually to set element type to "RootContent", after that it will show in the drop-down and work correctly. – LMK Jun 25 '15 at 22:56

MattGerg · Answer 6 · 2023-05-03T17:53:51.773

5

I have used this in VS2010, VS2015, VS2017, VS2019, and VS2022. I prefer this solution because:

The XML is reusable in any project
The "RootContent" is chosen as a Build Action in the Visual Studio UI, just like any other "Content"
The "CopyToOutputDirectory" is obeyed, just as you would expect
The RootContent is added to the project's output: gets carried through Project-References, obeys "Clean", etc.
The RootContent can be specified with a wildcard, preserving the recursive folder structure:

<RootContent Include="common\browserhawk\**">
  <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</RootContent>

Toward the beginning of project file:

  <ItemGroup>
    <AvailableItemName Include="RootContent">
      <!-- Add "RootContent" as a choice in the "Build Action" dropdown. -->
      <Visible>True</Visible>
    </AvailableItemName>
  </ItemGroup>

Borrowed From This Answer

After the Microsoft .targets Import:

  <PropertyGroup>
    <AssignTargetPathsDependsOn>
      $(AssignTargetPathsDependsOn);
      IncludeRootContentAsContent;
    </AssignTargetPathsDependsOn>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Target Name="IncludeRootContentAsContent">
    <CreateItem Include="@(RootContent)" AdditionalMetadata="TargetPath=%(RecursiveDir)%(Filename)%(Extension)">
      <Output ItemName="ContentWithTargetPath" TaskParameter="Include" />
    </CreateItem>
  </Target>

Borrowed From This Answer

edited May 03 '23 at 17:53

answered Mar 12 '15 at 12:49

MattGerg

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This is good - I would swap out `RootContent` which implies "hard coded" to `CustomContent` to indicate this is specialized content we're adding to this project and we need copied in this particular way. Also as an aside, I needed `TargetPath=%(RecursiveDir)%(Filename)%(Extension)` to recreate the folder structure from the specified `CustomContent` files to the output path. – Jonno May 05 '15 at 00:11
@Jonno The goal is to copy the file(s) directly to the root output directory, regardless of RecursiveDirectory. The built-in "Content" Build Action already provides us a mechanism to copy while maintaining the RecursiveDirectory. – MattGerg Jan 20 '16 at 17:06
I haven't had a chance to test this in a while, but wouldn't setting "Content" build action cause files under `/common/browserhawk/` to be copied to `/bin/common/browserhawk/` as the OP said? IIRC, my intention was to have `/common/browserhawk/a.txt` end up in `/bin/a.txt` but allow recursion from there down, so `/common/browserhawk/secret/stuff.png` ends up in `/bin/secret/stuff.png`. – Jonno Feb 04 '16 at 06:09
@Jonno Ok, yeah, that makes total sense now. I updated the answer to include the `%(RecursiveDirectory)`. This is really cool, because in addition to selecting individual files in the IDE, you can also specify multiple files with wildcards. When using the `**` wildcard, the entire folder structure will be preserved. – MattGerg Feb 04 '16 at 17:23
1

Thanks a lot for such great answer! I think this answer is the right answer because of the following: 1. No external cmds 2. cross platform – Yuriy Anisimov May 24 '17 at 02:49

score 2 · Answer 7 · answered Jun 18 '09 at 19:36

I ended up adding a step to the nant build file to copy after successful compliation

<target name="action.copy.browserhawk.config" depends="compile.source">
    <copy todir="${App.Web.dir}/bin/" includeemptydirs="false">
        <fileset basedir="${browserhawk.config.dir}">
            <include name="bhawk_bb.dat" />
            <include name="bhawk_sp.dat" />
            <include name="browserhawk.properties" />
            <include name="maindefs.bdd" />
            <include name="maindefs.bdf" />
            <include name="BH_PRO.lic" />
        </fileset>
    </copy>
    <echo message="COPY BROWSERHAWK CONFIG: SUCCESS   ${datetime::now()}" />
</target>

+1 because for someone using nant this is still a helpful answer — Chris Haines, Nov 02 '12 at 10:03

score 1 · Answer 8 · answered Jun 18 '09 at 18:18

1

You could build a batch file to copy the files and execute it as a post-build event.

answered Jun 18 '09 at 18:18

jvanderh

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I ended up doing this for one of my projects (although I used a Python script rather than a bat). – Fire Lancer Apr 06 '10 at 22:37

Copy to Output Directory copies folder structure but only want to copy files

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