forEach on querySelectorAll not working in recent Microsoft browsers

Question

I am making a script for choices about a product (colors etc), which works in every browser except for Internet Explorer (11) & Edge.

I put the choices of each parameter in a array and apply a function to them with the array.forEach() method.

Example for the color parameter:

var color_btns = document.querySelectorAll('#color > p');
color_btns.forEach(function(color) {
    color.onclick = function () {
        color_btns.forEach(function(element) {
            if (element.classList.contains('selected')) {
                element.classList.remove('selected');
            }
        });
        color.classList.add('selected');
        document.querySelector('#f_color').value = color.dataset.id;
    };
});

I get the following output in the console of both IE & Edge:

Object doesn't support property or method 'forEach'

After searching about the issue, I learnt that this function should be supported by IE 9 and newer. I tried to define the function by myself without success. When I log the function it is defined as a function (with "[native code]" inside).

I replaced every .forEach by a for and it's working pretty well,

• but how can I make it work ?
• Is there a specific usage of the forEach() for Internet Explorer & Edge ?

I thought it was Array.prototype.forEach and that recent versions of IE (and all versions of Edge) had it...?

Answer 1

Most DOM methods and collection properties aren't actually arrays, they're collections:

• querySelectorAll returns a static NodeList (a snapshot of matching elements as of when you call it).
• getElementsByTagName, getElementsByTagNameNS, getElementsByClassName, and the children property on a ParentNode (Elements are parent nodes) return live HTMLCollection instances (if you change the DOM, that change is reflected live in the collection).
• getElementsByName returns a live NodeList (not a snapshot).

NodeList only recently got forEach (and keys and a couple of other array methods). HTMLCollection didn't and won't; it turned out adding them would break too much code on the web.

Both NodeList and HTMLCollection are iterable, though, meaning that you can loop through them with for-of, expand them into an array via spread ([...theCollection]), etc. But if you're running on a browser where NodeList doesn't have forEach, it's probably too old to have any ES2015+ features like for-of or iteration.

Since NodeList is specified to have forEach, you can safely polyfill it, and it's really easy to do:

if (typeof NodeList !== "undefined" && NodeList.prototype && !NodeList.prototype.forEach) {
    // Yes, there's really no need for `Object.defineProperty` here
    NodeList.prototype.forEach = Array.prototype.forEach;
}

Direct assignment is fine in this case, because enumerable, configurable, and writable should all be true and it's a value property. (enumerable being true surprised me, but that's how it's defined natively on Chrome/Chromium/Edge/Etc., Firefox, the old Legacy Edge, and Safari).

In your own code, you can do that with HTMLCollection as well if you want, just beware that if you're using some old DOM libs like MooTools or YUI or some such, they may be confused if you add forEach to HTMLCollection.

---

As I said before, NodeList and HTMLCollection are both specified to be iterable (because of this Web IDL rule¹). If you run into a browser that has ES2015+ features but doesn't make the collections iterable for some reason, you can polyfill that, too:

if (typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && Symbol.iterator && typeof NodeList !== "undefined" && NodeList.prototype && !NodeList.prototype[Symbol.iterator]) {
    Object.defineProperty(NodeList.prototype, Symbol.iterator, {
        value: Array.prototype[Symbol.iterator],
        writable: true,
        configurable: true
    });
}

(And the same for HTMLCollection.)

Here's a live example using both, try this on (for instance) IE11 (although it will only demonstrate forEach), on which NodeList doesn't have these features natively:

// Using only ES5 features so this runs on IE11
function log() {
    if (typeof console !== "undefined" && console.log) {
        console.log.apply(console, arguments);
    }
}
if (typeof NodeList !== "undefined" && NodeList.prototype) {
    // forEach
    if (!NodeList.prototype.forEach) {
        // Yes, there's really no need for `Object.defineProperty` here
        console.log("Added forEach");
        NodeList.prototype.forEach = Array.prototype.forEach;
    }
    // Iterability - won't happen on IE11 because it doesn't have Symbol
    if (typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && Symbol.iterator && !NodeList.prototype[Symbol.iterator]) {
        console.log("Added Symbol.iterator");
        Object.defineProperty(NodeList.prototype, Symbol.iterator, {
            value: Array.prototype[Symbol.iterator],
            writable: true,
            configurable: true
        });
    }
}

log("Testing forEach");
document.querySelectorAll(".container div").forEach(function(div) {
    var html = div.innerHTML;
    div.innerHTML = html[0].toUpperCase() + html.substring(1).toLowerCase();
});

// Iterable
if (typeof Symbol !== "undefined" && Symbol.iterator) {
    // Using eval here to avoid causing syntax errors on IE11
    log("Testing iterability");
    eval(
        'for (const div of document.querySelectorAll(".container div")) { ' +
        '    div.style.color = "blue"; ' +
        '}'
    );
}

<div class="container">
  <div>one</div>
  <div>two</div>
  <div>three</div>
  <div>four</div>
</div>

---

¹ It's confusing, because HTMLCollection is iterable but it isn't marked with the iterable declaration, which bizarrely in the JavaScript DOM bindings doesn't mean that something is iterable, it means that it has forEach, entries, keys, values, and it's iterable. But HTMLCollection, which isn't marked with the iterable declaration, is still iterable. Instead, it's iterable because of this Web IDL rule as mentioned earlier.

Answer 2

OK, let's start from here, in JavaScript, we have some cases which we call it Array-like, means even it looks like an array, it's not a real array...

For example arguments in function or in your case Nodelist...

Even All modern browsers understand which you'de like to change it to Array and work well, in IE and some other browsers it's not supported using array functions on Nodelist for example...

So if you supporting broad range of browsers, it's better to convert them to an array before doing any activity on them...

There are few ways to convert Array-like values to real Array...

One widely used in ES5 is this structure:

Array.prototype.slice.call(YourNodeList);

So you can do:

var allDivs = document.querySelectorAll("div");
var allRealDivsArray = Array.prototype.slice.call(allDivs);

But if you using ES6, there are even neater ways to do it, just make sure you convert them to ES5 using babel for example as those old browsers which not supporting looping over array-like, won't support ES6 as well for sure...

Two very common ways to do them are:

1) Using Array.from

const allDivs = document.querySelectorAll("div");
const allRealDivsArray = Array.from(allDivs);

2) Using [...Array]

const allDivs = document.querySelectorAll("div");
const allRealDivsArray = [...allDivs];

Answer 3

While it may look like an array, it's actually a NodeList which doesn't have the same features as an array. Use a for loop instead

color_btns = document.querySelectorAll('#color > p'); 

for (var i = 0; i < color_btns.length; i++) {
    color_btns[i].onclick = function () { 
        for (var j = 0; j < color_btns.length; j++) {
            if(color_btns[j].classList.contains('selected')) { 
                color_btns[j].classList.remove('selected');
            }
        }
    color_btns[i].classList.add('selected'); 
    document.querySelector('#f_color').value = color_btns[i].dataset.id;
    };
}