Some use cases of looping through an array in the functional programming way in JavaScript:
1. Just loop through an array
const myArray = [{x:100}, {x:200}, {x:300}];
myArray.forEach((element, index, array) => {
console.log(element.x); // 100, 200, 300
console.log(index); // 0, 1, 2
console.log(array); // same myArray object 3 times
});
Note: Array.prototype.forEach() is not a functional way strictly speaking, as the function it takes as the input parameter is not supposed to return a value, which thus cannot be regarded as a pure function.
2. Check if any of the elements in an array pass a test
const people = [
{name: 'John', age: 23},
{name: 'Andrew', age: 3},
{name: 'Peter', age: 8},
{name: 'Hanna', age: 14},
{name: 'Adam', age: 37}];
const anyAdult = people.some(person => person.age >= 18);
console.log(anyAdult); // true
3. Transform to a new array
const myArray = [{x:100}, {x:200}, {x:300}];
const newArray= myArray.map(element => element.x);
console.log(newArray); // [100, 200, 300]
Note: The map() method creates a new array with the results of calling a provided function on every element in the calling array.
4. Sum up a particular property, and calculate its average
const myArray = [{x:100}, {x:200}, {x:300}];
const sum = myArray.map(element => element.x).reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0);
console.log(sum); // 600 = 0 + 100 + 200 + 300
const average = sum / myArray.length;
console.log(average); // 200
5. Create a new array based on the original but without modifying it
const myArray = [{x:100}, {x:200}, {x:300}];
const newArray= myArray.map(element => {
return {
...element,
x: element.x * 2
};
});
console.log(myArray); // [100, 200, 300]
console.log(newArray); // [200, 400, 600]
6. Count the number of each category
const people = [
{name: 'John', group: 'A'},
{name: 'Andrew', group: 'C'},
{name: 'Peter', group: 'A'},
{name: 'James', group: 'B'},
{name: 'Hanna', group: 'A'},
{name: 'Adam', group: 'B'}];
const groupInfo = people.reduce((groups, person) => {
const {A = 0, B = 0, C = 0} = groups;
if (person.group === 'A') {
return {...groups, A: A + 1};
} else if (person.group === 'B') {
return {...groups, B: B + 1};
} else {
return {...groups, C: C + 1};
}
}, {});
console.log(groupInfo); // {A: 3, C: 1, B: 2}
7. Retrieve a subset of an array based on particular criteria
const myArray = [{x:100}, {x:200}, {x:300}];
const newArray = myArray.filter(element => element.x > 250);
console.log(newArray); // [{x:300}]
Note: The filter() method creates a new array with all elements that pass the test implemented by the provided function.
8. Sort an array
const people = [
{ name: "John", age: 21 },
{ name: "Peter", age: 31 },
{ name: "Andrew", age: 29 },
{ name: "Thomas", age: 25 }
];
let sortByAge = people.sort(function (p1, p2) {
return p1.age - p2.age;
});
console.log(sortByAge);
9. Find an element in an array
const people = [ {name: "john", age:23},
{name: "john", age:43},
{name: "jim", age:101},
{name: "bob", age:67} ];
const john = people.find(person => person.name === 'john');
console.log(john);
The Array.prototype.find() method returns the value of the first element in the array that satisfies the provided testing function.
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