Firestore: Multiple conditional where clauses

Question

For example I have dynamic filter for my list of books where I can set specific color, authors and categories. This filter can set multiple colors at once and multiple categories.

   Book > Red, Blue > Adventure, Detective.

How can I add "where" conditionally?

  firebase
    .firestore()
    .collection("book")
    .where("category", "==", )
    .where("color", "==", )
    .where("author", "==", )

    .orderBy("date")
    .get()
    .then(querySnapshot => {...

Answer 1

As you can see in the API docs, the collection() method returns a CollectionReference. CollectionReference extends Query, and Query objects are immutable. Query.where() and Query.orderBy() return new Query objects that add operations on top of the original Query (which remains unmodified). You will have to write code to remember these new Query objects so you can continue to chain calls with them. So, you can rewrite your code like this:

var query = firebase.firestore().collection("book")
query = query.where(...)
query = query.where(...)
query = query.where(...)
query = query.orderBy(...)
query.get().then(...)

Now you can put in conditionals to figure out which filters you want to apply at each stage. Just reassign query with each newly added filter.

if (some_condition) {
    query = query.where(...)
}

Answer 2

Firebase Version 9

The docs do not cover this but here is how to add conditional where clauses to a query

import { collection, query, where } from 'firebase/firestore'

const queryConstraints = []
if (group != null) queryConstraints.push(where('group', '==', group))
if (pro != null) queryConstraints.push(where('pro', '==', pro))
const q = query(collection(db, 'videos'), ...queryConstraints)

The source of this answer is a bit of intuitive guesswork and help from my best friend J-E^S^-U-S

Answer 3

With Firebase Version 9 (Jan, 2022 Update):

You can filter data with multiple where clauses:

import { query, collection, where, getDocs } from "firebase/firestore";

const q = query(
  collection(db, "products"),
  where("category", "==", "Computer"),
  where("types", "array-contains", ['Laptop', 'Lenovo', 'Intel']),
  where("price", "<=", 1000),
);

const docsSnap = await getDocs(q);
    
docsSnap.forEach((doc) => {
  console.log(doc.data());
});

Answer 4

In addition to @Doug Stevenson answer. When you have more than one where it is necessary to make it more dynamic as in my case.

function readDocuments(collection, options = {}) {
    let {where, orderBy, limit} = options;
    let query = firebase.firestore().collection(collection);

    if (where) {
        if (where[0] instanceof Array) {
            // It's an array of array
            for (let w of where) {
                query = query.where(...w);
            }
        } else {
            query = query.where(...where);
        }

    }

    if (orderBy) {
        query = query.orderBy(...orderBy);
    }

    if (limit) {
        query = query.limit(limit);
    }

    return query
            .get()
            .then()
            .catch()
    }

// Usage
// Multiple where
let options = {where: [["category", "==", "someCategory"], ["color", "==", "red"], ["author", "==", "Sam"]], orderBy: ["date", "desc"]};

//OR
// A single where
let options = {where: ["category", "==", "someCategory"]};

let documents = readDocuments("books", options);

Answer 5

Note that a multiple WHERE clause is inherently an AND operation.

Answer 6

For example, there's an array look like this

const conditionList = [
  {
    key: 'anyField',
    operator: '==',
    value: 'any value',
  },
  {
    key: 'anyField',
    operator: '>',
    value: 'any value',
  },
  {
    key: 'anyField',
    operator: '<',
    value: 'any value',
  },
  {
    key: 'anyField',
    operator: '==',
    value: 'any value',
  },
  {
    key: 'anyField',
    operator: '==',
    value: 'any value',
  },
]

Then you can just put the collection which one you want to set query's conditions into this funcion.

function* multipleWhere(
  collection,
  conditions = [{ field: '[doc].[field name]', operator: '==', value: '[any value]' }],
) {
  const pop = conditions.pop()
  if (pop) {
    yield* multipleWhere(
      collection.where(pop.key, pop.operator, pop.value),
      conditions,
    )
  }
  yield collection
}

You will get the collection set query's conditions.

Answer 7

async yourFunction(){
    const Ref0 = firebase.firestore().collection("your_collection").doc(doc.id)

    const Ref1 = appointmentsRef.where('val1', '==',condition1).get();
    const Ref2 = appointmentsRef.where("val2", "!=", condition2).get()

    const [snapshot_val1, snapshot_val2] = await Promise.all([Ref1, Ref2]);

    
    const val1_Array = snapshot_val1.docs;
    const val2_Array = snapshot_val2.docs;

    const globale_val_Array = val1_Array .concat(val2_Array );

    return globale_val_Array ;
  }



/*Call you function*/
this.checkCurrentAppointment().then(docSnapshot=> {
      docSnapshot.forEach(doc=> {
          console.log("Your data with multiple code query:", doc.data());
      });
    });

Answer 8

If you're using angular fire, you can just use reduce like so:

const students = [studentID, studentID2,...];

this.afs.collection('classes',
  (ref: any) => students.reduce(
    (r: any, student: any) => r.where(`students.${student}`, '==', true)
    , ref)
).valueChanges({ idField: 'id' });

This is an example of multiple tags...

You could easily change this for any non-angular framework.

For OR queries (which can't be done with multiple where clauses), see here.

Answer 9

With Firebase js SDK v9 (Jul, 2023 Update):

const citiesRef = db.collection('cities');

then you can combine constraints with a logical AND by chaining multiple equality operators (== or array-contains).

citiesRef.where('state', '==', 'CO').where('name', '==', 'Denver');
citiesRef.where('state', '==', 'CA').where('population', '<', 1000000);index.js

Reference to firebase documentation here

Answer 10

As CollectionRef does not have query method in firebase web version 9,

I modified @abk's answer.

async getQueryResult(path, options = {}) {
    /* Example
    options = {
      where: [
        ["isPublic", "==", true],
        ["isDeleted", "==", false]
      ],
      orderBy: [
        ["likes"],
        ["title", "desc"]
      ],
      limit: 30
    }
    */

    try {
      let { where, orderBy, limit } = options;

      let collectionRef = collection(<firestore>, path);
      let queryConstraints = [];

      if (where) {
        where = where.map((w) => firestore.where(...w));
        queryConstraints = [...queryConstraints, ...where];
      }

      if (orderBy) {
        orderBy = orderBy.map((o) => firestore.orderBy(...o));
        queryConstraints = [...queryConstraints, ...orderBy];
      }

      if (limit) {
        limit = firestore.limit(limit);
        queryConstraints = [...queryConstraints, limit];
      }

      const query = firestore.query(collectionRef, ...queryConstraints);
      const querySnapshot = await firestore.getDocs(query);
      const docList = querySnapshot.docs.map((doc) => {
        const data = doc.data();
        return {
          id: doc.id,
          ...data,
        };
      });
      return docList;
    } catch (error) {
      console.log(error);
    }
  }

Answer 11

Simple function where you can specify the path and an array of filters that you can pass and get you documents, hope it helps.

async function filterDoc(path, filters) {
  if (!path) return [];

  //define the collection path
  let q = db.collection(path);

  //check if there are any filters and add them to the query
  if (filters.length > 0) {
    filters.forEach((filter) => {
      q = q.where(filter.field, filter.operator, filter.value);
    });
  }

  //get the documents
  const snapshot = await q.get();

  //loop through the documents
  const data = snapshot.docs.map((doc) => doc.data());

  //return the data
  return data;
}

//call the function
const data = await filterDoc(
  "categories_collection",
  [
    {
      field: "status",
      operator: "==",
      value: "active",
    },
    {
      field: "parent_id",
      operator: "==",
      value: "kSKpUc3xnKjtpyx8cMJC",
    },
  ]
);

Answer 12

This could be also a solution to this problem.

async function filterCollection(collectionName, filterArr) {
    if (!collectionName) return [];
    let query = db.collection(collectionName);
    if (filterArr.length > 0) {
        filterArr.forEach((filter) => {
            query = query.where(filter.field, filter.operator, filter.value);
        });
    }
    const snapshot = await query.get();
    const response = snapshot.docs.map((doc) => {
        return { id: doc.id, result: doc.data() }
    });
    return response;
}


  /**List the Data */
app.get("/list-documet-ids", async (req, res, next) => {
    const data = await filterCollection(
        "Users",
        [
            {
                field: "color",
                operator: "==",
                value: 'red',
            },
            {
                field: "categories",
                operator: "==",
                value: 'Detective',
            },
        ]
    );
    res.send(data);
});