The royal consorts of the rulers of the Lorraine region have held varying titles, over a region that has varied in scope since its creation as the kingdom of Lotharingia by the Treaty of Prüm, in 855. The first rulers of the newly established region were kings of the Franks. The Latin construction "Lotharingia" evolved over time into "Lorraine" in French, "Lotharingen" in Dutch and "Lothringen" in German. After the Carolingian kingdom was absorbed into its neighbouring realms in the late ninth century, dukes were appointed over the territory. In the mid-tenth century, the duchy was divided into Lower Lorraine and Upper Lorraine, the first evolving into the historical Low Countries, the second became known as the Duchy of Lorraine and existed well into the modern era.

Queen consort of Lotharingia

Carolingian Dynasty, 855–922

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Queen Ceased to be Queen Death Spouse
Ermengarde of Tours
[1]
Hugh of Tours
(Etichonids)
804 15 October 821 11 August 843
Treaty of Verdun
20 March 851 Emperor Lothair I
Teutberga
[1]
Boso the Elder
(Bosonids)
855 29 September 855
husband's accession
8 August 869
husband's death
before 25 November 875 Lothair II
Ermentrude of Orléans
[1][2]
Odo I, Count of Orléans
(Udalrichings)
27 September 823 13 December 842 8 August 869
husband's accession
6 October 869 Charles the Bald
Richilde of Provence
[2]
Bivin of Gorze
(Bosonids)
845 22 January 870 6 October 877
repudiated
2 June 910
Emma of Altdorf
[3]
Welf
(Elder Welf)
808 827 August 870
husband's accession
31 January 876 Louis the German
Adelaide of Paris
[2]
Adalard of Paris
(Girardids)
850/853 February 875 6 October 877
husband's accession
10 April 879
husband's death
10 November 901 Louis the Stammerer
Liutgard of Saxony
[1][3]
Liudolf, Duke of Saxony
(Liudolfings)
845 before 29 November 874 28 August 876
in the East
February 880
Sole queen after Treaty of Ribemont
20 January 882
husband's death
17/30 November 885 Louis the Younger
Richardis of Swabia
[1]
Erchanger, Count of the Nordgau
(Ahalolfings)
840 1 August 862 20 January 882
husband's accession
17 November 887
husband's desposition
18 September, between 894 and 896 Charles the Fat
Ota of Neustria
[1]
Berengar I of Neustria
(Conradines)
874 before the end of 888 8 December 899
husband's death
after 30 November 903 Arnulf of Carinthia
Oda of Saxony
[1]
Otto I, Duke of Saxony
(Liudolfings)
884 27 March/13 June 897 13 August 900
husband's death
2 July after 952 Zwentibold
Frederuna
[1]
884 1/18 April 907 1 November 911
husband's election
10 February 917 Charles the Simple
Eadgifu of England
[1]
Edward the Elder
(Wessex)
902/05 7 October 919 919/23
husband's desposition
after 955
In 922, Lotharingia was subsumed into the Kingdom of Germany.

Duchess consort of Lorraine

House of Ardennes-Metz, 959–1033

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Queen Ceased to be Queen Death Spouse
Beatrice of Bar Frederick II, Duke of Upper Lorraine
(Ardennes-Bar)
1017 1054 1065
husband's accession
1069
husband's death
18 April 1076 Godfrey III

Duchess consort of Lower Lorraine

Matfriding dynasty, 959–973

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Alpaide 959
duchy's division
964
husband's death
Frederick
The name of Richar's wife is not known
(964–973)
Richar
  • Interregnum (973–977)

Carolingian dynasty, 977–1012

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Robert of Vermandois
(Carolingian)
950s 970s May 977
husband's accession
970s? Charles
Adelaide a low-ranking vassal of Hugh Capet
Bonne of Verdun? Godfrey I, Count of Verdun
(Ardennes-Verdun)
991
husband's resignation
The name of Otto's wife is not known, he may have had a daughter with her
(991–1012)
Gothelo I

House of Ardennes-Verdun, 1012–1046

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
The name of Gothelo's wife is not known, the name Barbe de Lebarten (and in fact her entire ancestry), being a spurious concoction of later genealogists
(26 September 1023 – 19 April 1044)
Gothelo I

House of Luxembourg, 1046–1065

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Gerberga of Boulogne Eustace I, Count of Boulogne
(Boulogne)
1046
husband's accession
1049 Frederick
Ida of Saxony Bernard II, Duke of Saxony
(Billung)
1055 18 May 1065
husband's death
31 July 1102

House of Ardennes-Verdun, 1065–1076

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Beatrice of Bar Frederick II, Duke of Upper Lorraine
(Ardennes-Bar)
1017 mid 1054 18 May 1065
husband's accession
30 December 1069
husband's death
18 April 1076 Godfrey III
Matilda of Tuscany Boniface III, Margrave of Tuscany
(Canossa)
1046 May 1069 30 December 1069
husband's accession
26/27 February 1076
husband's death
24 July 1115 Godfrey IV

Salian Dynasty, 1076–1087

  • None

House of Boulogne, 1087–1096

  • None
  • Interregnum (1096–1101)

House of Limburg, 1101–1106

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Adelaide of Podenstein Botho, Count of Pottenstein 1061 July 1101
husband's accession
1106
husband's desposition
after 13 August 1106 Henry I

House of Leuven, 1106–1129

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Ida of Chiny Otto II, Count of Chiny
(Chiny)
1078 1099/1105 1106
husband's accession
1117/25 Godfrey VI
Clementia of Burgundy William I, Count of Burgundy
(Ivrea)
1070/78 1120/25 1129
husband's abdication
1129/33

House of Limburg, 1125/29–1139

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Judith of Guelders, heiress of Wassenberg Gerard I, Count of Guelders
(Dampierre)
1087 1107/10 1125/29
husband's ascession
16 July 1139
husband's death
24 June 1151 Waleran II

House of Leuven, 1139–1190

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Luitgarde of Sulzbach Berengar II of Sulzbach
(Babenberg)
1109 1139 16 July 1139
husband's ascession
13 June 1142
husband's death
1162/63 Godfrey VII
Margaret of Limburg Henry II of Limburg
(Limburg)
1135 1155/58 1172 Godfrey VIII
Imagina of Loon Louis I, Count of Loon
(Loon)
1180 21 August 1190
husband's death
5 June 1214
Lower Lotharingia ceased to exist and had lost its territorial authority at the Diet of Schwäbisch Hall. Later duchesses were called the Duchess of Lothier, who were also the Duchess of Brabant and Limburg.

Duchess consort of (Upper) Lorraine

House of Ardennes-Bar, 959–1033

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Beatrice of Paris Hugh the Great
(Robertians)
938–940 10 September/12 November 954 959
duchy divided
18 May 978
husband's death
23 September 1003 Frederick I
Richilde of Metz Folmar III, Count of Bliesgau and Metz
(Metz)
985/992 between 11 April 1026 and 12 January 1027
husband's death
Theodoric I
Matilda of Swabia Herman II, Duke of Swabia
(Conradines)
988/995 1012–1016 1019
husband's accession
17/18 May 1026
husband's death
20 July 1031/1032 Frederick II

House of Ardennes-Verdun, 1033–1046

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
The name of Gothelo's wife is not known, the name Barbe de Lebarten (and in fact her entire ancestry), being a spurious concoction of later genealogists
(1033 – 19 April 1044)
Gothelo I
Doda 19 April 1044
husband's accession
1047
husband's desposition by the Emperor
1053 Godfrey

House of Ardennes-Metz, 1047–1453

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
No indication has been found of the name of Duke Adalbert's wife. In 1960, Szabolcs de Vajay hypothesized that Adalbert was count of Longwy and father-in-law of William VII, Duke of Aquitaine and William I, Count of Burgundy, and that his wife was the said Clémence of Foix, daughter of the Count of Foix. (Annales de Bourgogne, Vol 32 (1960) 258–261), and has been followed in this by Frederick Lewis Weis, Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700, Line 144-22. However, de Vajay subsequently published an unqualified retraction of his hypothesis in "Parlons encore d'Etiennette" in Onomastioque et Parente dans l'Occident medieval (Prosopographica et Genealogica, no.3), K. S. B. Keats-Rohan and C. Settipani, eds. (2000), pp. 2–6. Adalbert
Hedwig of Namur Albert I, Count of Namur
(Namur)
1005/10 1048
husband's accession
6 March 1070
husband's death
28 January 1080 Gerard
Hedwig of Formbach Frederick, Count of Formbach
(Formbach)
1075/1080 1090/93 Theodoric II
Gertrude of Flanders Robert I, Count of Flanders
(Flanders)
1080 15 August 1095 23 January 1115
husband's death
1117
Adelaide of Leuven Henry III, Count of Leuven
(Leuven)
before 1095 1112/13 23 January 1115
husband's accession
13 April 1138
husband's death
4 November, after 1158 Simon I
Bertha of Lorraine Frederick II, Duke of Swabia
(Hohenstaufen)
1123 25 March 1139 13 May 1176
husband's death
18 October 1194 or 25 March 1195 Matthias I
Agnes of Veldenz Gerlach I, Count of Veldenz
(Veldenz)
13 May 1176
husband's accession
Simon II
Ida of Mâcon Gerard I, Count of Mâcon and Vienne
(Mâcon)
after 1190 1205
husband's abdication
1227
Wierzchoslawa Ludmilla of Greater Poland Mieszko III the Old
(Piast)
before 1153 1167 1205
husband's accession
7 April 1206
husband's death
before 1211/1223 Frederick I
Agnes of Bar Theobald I, Count of Bar
(Scarponnois)
1177 before mid-July 1189 7 April 1206
husband's accession
10 October 1213
husband's death
19 June 1226 Frederick II
Gertrude of Dagsburg Albert II, Count of Dasbourg and Metz
(Dagsburg)
1190 or May 1205 1206 or 1215 10 October 1213
husband's accession
17 February 1220
husband's death
30 March 1225 Theobald I
Catherine of Limburg Waleran III, Duke of Limburg
(Limburg)
1215 August 1225 24 June 1251
husband's death
18 April 1255 Matthias II
Margaret of Navarre Theobald I of Navarre
(Champagne)
1240 10 July 1255 31 December 1302
husband's death
3 October 1307 Frederick III
Isabella de Rumigny Hugh de Rumigny
(Rumigny)
June 1263 23 May 1278 31 December 1302
husband's accession
13 May 1312
husband's death
after 7 December 1325 Theobald II
Elisabeth of Austria Albert I of Germany
(Habsburg)
1285 1304 or 6 August 1306 13 May 1312
husband's accession
23 August 1328
husband's death
19 May 1353 Frederick IV
Eleanor of Bar Edward I, Count of Bar
(Scarponnois)
25 June 1329 15 September 1333 Rudolph
Marie of Blois-Châtillon Guy I, Count of Blois
(Blois-Châtillon)
1323 30 May 1334 26 August 1346
husband's death
1363/1380
Sophie of Württemberg Eberhard II, Count of Württemberg
(Württemberg)
1343 16 December 1361 26 April or 26/27 July 1369 John I
Margaret of the Palatinate Rupert of Germany
(Wittelsbach)
1376/79 5 February 1394 25 January 1431
husband's death
26/27 August 1434 Charles II

House of Vaudemont, 1473–1737

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Joan, Countess of Tancarville William, Count of Tancarville
(Harcourt)
9 September 1471 24 July 1473
husband's accession
1485
marriage annulled
8 November 1488 René II
Philippa of Guelders Adolf, Duke of Guelders
(Egmond)
9 November 1467 1 September 1485 10 December 1508
husband's death
26 February 1547
Renée de Bourbon Gilbert, Count of Montpensier
(Bourbon-Montpensier)
1494 26 June 1515 26 May 1539 Antoine
Christina of Denmark Christian II of Denmark
(Oldenburg)
November 1521 10 July 1541 14 June 1544
husband's accession
12 June 1545
husband's death
10 December 1590 Francis I
Claude of France Henry II of France
(Valois)
12 November 1547 19 January 1559 21 February 1575 Charles III
Margerita Gonzaga Vincent I of Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat
(Gonzaga)
2 October 1591 24 April 1606 14 May 1608
husband's accession
31 July 1624
husband's death
7 February 1632 Henry II
Christina Katharina of Salm-Badenweiler Paul, Count of Salm-Badenweiler
(Salm)
May 1575 1597 25 November 1625
husband's accession
1 December 1625
husband's abdication
31 December 1627 Francis II
Nicolette of Lorraine Henry II, Duke of Lorraine
(Vaudemont)
3 October 1608 23 May 1621 1 December 1625
husband's accession
19 January 1634
husband's abdication
2 February 1657 Charles IV
Claude of Lorraine Henry II, Duke of Lorraine
(Vaudemont)
12 October 1612 17 February 1634 2 August 1648 Nicholas II
Béatrix de Cusance Claude François de Cusance, Count of Champlitte, Baron of Belvoir
(Cusance)
27 December 1614 9 April 1637 1661
husband's restoration
5 June 1663 Charles IV
Marie Louise d'Aspremont-Lynden Charles II, comte d'Aspremont
(Aspremont-Lynden)
1651/52 1665 18 September 1675
husband's death
23 October 1692
Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans Philippe of France
(Orléans)
13 September 1676 13 October 1698 27 March 1729
husband's death
23 December 1744 Leopold
Archduchess Maria Theresa Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor
(Habsburg)
13 May 1717 12 February 1736 9 July 1737
Duchy given to Stanislas
29 November 1780 Francis III Stephen

House of Leszczyński, 1737–1766

Picture Name Father Birth Marriage Became Duchess Ceased to be Duchess Death Spouse
Catherine Opalińska Jan Karol Opaliński
(Opaliński)
13 October 1680 10 May 1698 9 July 1737
husband's accession
19 March 1747 Stanislas

The House of Habsburg-Lorraine continued carrying the title as titular Dukes of Lorraine.

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Over ALL LOTHARINGIA.
  2. 1 2 3 Over WEST LOTHARINGIA.
  3. 1 2 Over EAST LOTHARINGIA.
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