Earthquakes of magnitude 8.0 and greater from 1900 to 2018. The apparent 3D volumes of the bubbles are linearly proportional to their respective fatalities.[1]

The following is a summary of significant earthquakes during the 21st century. In terms of fatalities, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake was the most destructive event with 227,898 confirmed fatalities, followed by the 2010 Haiti earthquake with about 160,000 fatalities,[2] the 2008 Sichuan earthquake with 87,587 fatalities, the 2005 Kashmir earthquake with 87,351 fatalities, and the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes with at least 59,259 fatalities.

The 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami became the costliest natural disaster, resulting in approximately $360 billion in property damage at the time, followed by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake and the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes, which resulted in $150 billion and $109 billion in damage, respectively.

List of deadliest earthquakes

Rank Fatalities Magnitude Location Event Date
1 227,898 9.1 -9.2  Indonesia, Indian Ocean 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami December 26, 2004
2 160,000[3] 7.0  Haiti 2010 Haiti earthquake January 12, 2010
3 87,587 7.9  China 2008 Sichuan earthquake May 12, 2008
4 87,351 7.6  Pakistan 2005 Kashmir earthquake October 8, 2005
5 59,259 7.8  Turkey,  Syria 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes February 6, 2023
6 34,000[4] 6.6  Iran 2003 Bam earthquake December 26, 2003
7 20,085 7.7  India 2001 Gujarat earthquake January 26, 2001
8 19,759 9.0–9.1  Japan 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami March 11, 2011
9 8,964 7.8    Nepal 2015 Nepal earthquake April 25, 2015
10 5,782 6.4  Indonesia 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake May 26, 2006
11 4,340 7.5  Indonesia 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami September 28, 2018
12 2,960 6.8  Morocco 2023 Marrakesh–Safi earthquake September 8, 2023
13 2,698 6.9  China 2010 Yushu earthquake April 13, 2010
14 2,266 6.8  Algeria 2003 Boumerdès earthquake May 21, 2003
15 2,248 7.2  Haiti 2021 Haiti earthquake August 14, 2021
16 1,482[5] 6.3  Afghanistan 2023 Herat earthquakes October 7, 2023
17 1,313 8.6  Indonesia 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake March 28, 2005
18 1,200[6] 6.1  Afghanistan 2002 Hindu Kush earthquakes March 25, 2002
19 1,163 6.0  Afghanistan,  Pakistan June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake June 21, 2022
20 1,115 7.6  Indonesia 2009 Sumatra earthquakes September 30, 2009
  • Note: At least 1,000+ fatalities

List of largest earthquakes by magnitude

Rank Magnitude[7] Event Location Date
1 9.1–9.3 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake  Indonesia, Sumatra, Indian Ocean, December 26, 2004
2 9.0–9.1 2011 Tōhoku earthquake  Japan, Tōhoku, Pacific Ocean March 11, 2011
3 8.8 2010 Chile earthquake  Chile, Maule February 27, 2010
4 8.6 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake  Indonesia, Sumatra March 28, 2005
4 8.6 2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes  Indonesia, Sumatra April 11, 2012
5 8.5 September 2007 Sumatra earthquakes  Indonesia, Sumatra September 12, 2007
  • Note: At least 8.5+ magnitude

List of costliest earthquakes

Note:This only ranks immediate costs, for example, nuclear meltdown and climate and fossil fuel costs, as well as other ongoing costs from quakes are not included.

Rank Damage $Billions Magnitude Event Location Date
1 $360 9.0–9.1 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami  Japan March 11, 2011
2 $150 7.9 2008 Sichuan earthquake  China May 12, 2008
3 $105[lower-alpha 1][8][9] 7.8 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes  Turkey
 Syria
February 6, 2023
4 $40 6.1 2011 Christchurch earthquake  New Zealand February 22, 2011
5 $40 7.0 2010 Canterbury earthquake  New Zealand September 4, 2010
6 $28 6.8 2004 Chūetsu earthquake  Japan October 23, 2004
7 $22.3 6.9 2011 Sikkim earthquake  India September 18, 2011
8 $20 7.0 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes  Japan April 15, 2016
9 $16 6.3 2009 L'Aquila earthquake  Italy April 6, 2009
10 $15.8 5.8 2012 Emilia earthquake  Italy May 20, 2012
11 $15–$30 8.8 2010 Chile earthquake  Chile February 27, 2010

Deadliest earthquakes by year

These are the deadliest earthquakes per year[10]

Year Total fatalities Deadliest earthquake Fatalities Magnitude Location Date
2001 21,357 2001 Gujarat earthquake 20,085 7.7  India January 26
2002 2,693 2002 Hindu Kush earthquakes 1,200 6.1  Afghanistan March 25
2003 36,832 2003 Bam earthquake 34,000 6.6  Iran December 26
2004 228,755 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami 227,898 9.1–9.3  Indonesia, Indian Ocean December 26
2005 87,992 2005 Kashmir earthquake 87,351 7.6  Pakistan October 8
2006 6,605 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake 5,782 6.4  Indonesia May 26
2007 708 2007 Peru earthquake 595 8.0  Peru August 15
2008 88,708 2008 Sichuan earthquake 87,587 7.9  China May 12
2009 1,790 2009 Sumatra earthquakes 1,115 7.6  Indonesia September 30
2010 164,627 2010 Haiti earthquake 160,000 7.0  Haiti January 12
2011 21,492 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami 19,759 9.0–9.1  Japan March 11
2012 689 2012 East Azerbaijan earthquakes 306 6.4 Iran Iran August 11
2013 1,572 2013 Balochistan earthquakes 825 7.7 Pakistan Pakistan September 24
2014 756 2014 Ludian earthquake 729 6.1  China August 3
2015 9,624 2015 Nepal earthquake 8,964 7.8    Nepal April 25
2016 1,339 2016 Ecuador earthquake 673 7.8 Ecuador Ecuador April 16
2017 1,232 2017 Iran–Iraq earthquake 630 7.3 Iran Iran November 12
2018 5,239 2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami 4,340 7.5 Indonesia Indonesia September 28
2019 288 2019 Albania earthquake 51 6.4  Albania November 26
2020 207 2020 Aegean Sea earthquake 119 7.0  Turkey
 Greece
October 30
2021 2,494 2021 Haiti earthquake 2,248 7.2  Haiti August 14
2022 1,775–2,075 June 2022 Afghanistan earthquake 1,163 6.2  Afghanistan
 Pakistan
June 21
2023 64,118 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes 59,259 7.8  Turkey
 Syria
February 6
2024 215 2024 Noto earthquake 215 7.5  Japan January 1

Largest earthquakes by year

These are the largest earthquakes by magnitude per year[7]

Year Magnitude Deaths Event Location Date total M7+
2001 8.4 145 2001 southern Peru earthquake  Peru June 23 Steady 16
2002 7.9 0 2002 Denali earthquake  United States November 3 Decrease 13
2003 8.3 0 2003 Tokachi earthquake  Japan September 25 Increase 15
2004 9.1–9.3 227,898 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami  Indonesia, Indian Ocean December 26 Increase 16
2005 8.6 1,313 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake  Indonesia March 28 Decrease 11
2006 8.3 0 2006 Kuril Islands earthquake  Russia November 15 Steady 11
2007 8.5 23 September 2007 Sumatra earthquakes  Indonesia September 12 Increase 18
2008 7.9 87,587 2008 Sichuan earthquake  China May 12 Decrease 12
2009 8.1 192 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami  Samoa September 29 Increase 17
2010 8.8 525 2010 Chile earthquake  Chile February 27 Increase 22
2011 9.0–9.1 19,759 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami  Japan March 11 Decrease 20
2012 8.6 10 2012 Indian Ocean earthquakes  Indonesia, Indian Ocean April 11 Decrease 17
2013 8.3 0 2013 Okhotsk Sea earthquake  Russia May 24 Increase 19
2014 8.2 6 2014 Iquique earthquake  Chile April 1 Decrease 12
2015 8.3 14 2015 Illapel earthquake  Chile September 16 Increase 19
2016 7.9 0 2016 Solomon Islands earthquakes  Solomon Islands December 17 Decrease 16
2017 8.2 98 2017 Chiapas earthquake  Mexico September 8 Decrease 7
2018 8.2 0 2018 Fiji earthquakes  Fiji August 19 Increase 17
2019 8.0 2 2019 Peru earthquake  Peru May 26 Decrease 10
2020 7.8 0 July 2020 Alaska Peninsula earthquake  United States July 22 Decrease 9
2021 8.2 0 2021 Chignik earthquake  United States July 29 Increase 19
2022 7.6 2 2022 Michoacán earthquake  Mexico September 19 Decrease 11
21 2022 Papua New Guinea earthquake  Papua New Guinea September 10
2023 7.8 59,259 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes  Turkey
 Syria
February 6 Increase 19
2024 7.5 220 2024 Noto earthquake  Japan January 1 Decrease 1

Lists of earthquakes by decade

See also

Notes

  1. $100 billion in damage in Turkey and another $5.1 billion in Syria.

References

  1. "USGS: Magnitude 8 and Greater Earthquakes Since 1900". Archived from the original on November 12, 2009. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
  2. Kolbe, Athena R.; Hutson, Royce A.; Shannon, Harry; Trzcinski, Eileen; Miles, Bart; Levitz, Naomi; Puccio, Marie; James, Leah; Roger Noel, Jean; Muggah, Robert (2010). "Mortality, crime and access to basic needs before and after the Haiti earthquake: a random survey of Port-au-Prince households". Medicine, Conflict and Survival. 26 (4): 281–297. doi:10.1080/13623699.2010.535279. PMID 21314081. S2CID 26000167.
  3. Kolbe, Athena R.; Hutson, Royce A.; Shannon, Harry; Trzcinski, Eileen; Miles, Bart; Levitz, Naomi; Puccio, Marie; James, Leah; Roger Noel, Jean; Muggah, Robert (2010). "Mortality, crime and access to basic needs before and after the Haiti earthquake: a random survey of Port-au-Prince households". Medicine, Conflict and Survival. 26 (4): 281–297. doi:10.1080/13623699.2010.535279. PMID 21314081. S2CID 26000167.
  4. "After 17 Years Iran Finally Announces 34,000 Died In Bam Earthquake". Iran International. December 26, 2020. Retrieved February 24, 2023.
  5. World Health Organization (October 16, 2023). "Afghanistan Earthquakes in Herat Province, Health Situation Report No. 8, 15-16 October 2023". ReliefWeb. Archived from the original on October 18, 2023. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
  6. Yeats, Robert S.; Madden, Christopher (2003). "Damage from the Nahrin, Afghanistan, Earthquake of 25 March 2002". Seismological Research Letters. 74 (3): 305–311. doi:10.1785/gssrl.74.3.305.
  7. 1 2 ISC 2022.
  8. "Earthquake caused direct damage of $5.1bil. in Syria: World Bank". The Korea Times. March 4, 2023. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  9. "TÜRKONFED raporu: Depremlerin mali hasarının 84,1 milyar dolar olması bekleniyor". BloombergHT (in Turkish). February 12, 2023. Retrieved February 12, 2023.
  10. "Global earthquake death toll from 2000 to 2015". Statista.com. Retrieved December 3, 2019.

Sources

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