Materialism is the view that the universe consists only of organized matter and energy.

Materialism or materialist may also refer to:

• Economic materialism, the desire to accumulate material goods
• Christian materialism, the combination of Christian theology with the ideas of materialism, which places a high value on material things
• Cultural materialism (anthropology), an anthropological research orientation first introduced by Marvin Harris
• Cultural materialism (cultural studies), a movement in literary theory and cultural studies originating with left-wing literary critic Raymond Williams
• Historical materialism, Karl Marx's theory of history
• Dialectical materialism, a philosophy of science, history, and nature based on the writings of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
• Spiritual materialism, a term coined by Chögyam Trungpa to describe capitalist and spiritual narcissism
• Philosophical materialism, a doctrine described by Gustavo Bueno which rejects physical reductivism and excludes any possibility of spiritual life without reference to organic life