In Australia and the United States, a state bank in a federated state is usually a financial institution that is chartered by the government of that state, as opposed to one regulated at the federal or national level.

In British English, the term is more or less synonymous with the term "national bank",[1] which refers to any bank owned and operated by a government or state.[2]

Australia

Each Australian state formerly had a state bank, but all have since been privatised.

United States

In the United States, the terms "state-chartered bank" or "state-chartered savings bank" are used in contradistinction to "national bank" or "federal savings bank", which are technically chartered across all US states.[3] A national bank must have "National" or "N.A." in its corporate name, a Federal Savings Bank must have "Federal" or "F.S.B." in its name, while a state chartered bank cannot have "National" or "Federal" in its name. All national banks and savings institutions are chartered and regulated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.[4]

State banks are chartered and regulated by a state agency (often called the Department of Financial Institutions) in the state in which its headquarters are located. In addition, state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve are regulated by the Federal Reserve; state banks that are not members of the Federal Reserve are regulated by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Therefore, virtually every state chartered bank has both a state and federal regulator. There are a very small number of state banks that do not have FDIC insurance.

Other countries

Usage of the term "state bank" varies in other countries. It is often a national bank of some type.

In India, the State Bank of India is an Indian multinational public sector bank and financial services statutory body.[5] It is a defined type of bank in India known as a public sector bank, and the largest bank in India.[6] It was founded as a private commercial bank, then nationalised by the Government of India, and the product of several mergers[7]

See also

References

  1. "state bank". Cambridge Dictionary. 3 May 2023. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  2. "National bank definition and meaning". Collins English Dictionary. 8 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  3. "What is the difference between a state and a national bank?". Department of Insurance and Financial Institutions (Arizona). Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  4. "State bank: what it is, how it works, services". Investopedia. 26 July 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  5. "About us". State Bank of India. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  6. Korgoankar, Deepak (14 September 2022). "SBI joins Rs 5-trillion market cap club; stock surges 26% in three months". Business Standard. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
  7. Rajesh (2009). Banking Theory Law N Practice. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-07-009123-8. Retrieved 9 May 2023.
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