Problems configuring VirtualHost in Apache2 on Ubuntu 12.04

Question

After reading through various tutorials [1] I still can't get my VirtualHost settings to work as desired. I'm getting a 403 Forbidden when I try to use a VirtualHost with a directory below my user directory as its DocumentRoot.

What I've done so far

Created file /etc/apache2/sites-available/workspace with following content:

NameVirtualHost *:80
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName project-site
    DocumentRoot /home/user/Workspace/project/site
</VirtualHost>

Edited file /etc/hosts now yielding:

127.0.0.1   localhost
127.0.1.1   my-machine

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

# VirtualHosts added by me
127.0.0.1   project-site

Enabled virtual hosts using sudo a2ensite workspace
Restarted Apache using sudo services apache2 restart
Tried opening http://project-site and http://project-site/test.html (where test.html is present in /home/user/Workspace/project/site/) in my webbrowser

What happens

Restarting Apache I get the following messages on the command line:

* Restarting web server apache2
apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName
[Sun May 13 10:33:37 2012] [warn] NameVirtualHost *:80 has no VirtualHosts
[ OK ]

Opening either http://project-site or http://project-site/test.html a "403 Forbidden" is served.

What should happen

I'd like to have the contents of /home/user/Workspace/project/site being served when I browse to http://project-site.

What I learned so far

From reading similar questions on this site I learned that this is probably a permission problem [2]. Files in /home/user/Workspace/project/site might not be readable by www-data. But how do I know or correct this?

Furthermore .htaccess files were mentioned [3] being located in

/home/.htaccess
/home/user/.htacces
[...]
/home/user/path/to/project/.htaccess

and possibly not readable. I never created them, I don't want them, will I need them?

The second answer to another question [4] made me use NameVirtualHost responsible for the warning on restart of Apache. Is it necessary and if, how do I use it properly?

Any help is much appreciated! Tell me, if you need to know anything else to locate the problem.

Ressources

http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2011/07/apache-virtual-host/, http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/name-based.html, http://mintarticles.com/read/software-articles/multiple-virtual-hosts-in-xampplampp-in-ubuntu,977/, http://www.pgorecki.pl/content/virtual-host-na-localho%C5%9Bcie-apache-ubuntu, ...
Apache VirtualHost 403 Forbidden
Ubuntu, Apache, virtualhost and Access forbidden
VirtualHost configuration

Hope this helps Video http://youtu.be/QaZBly7_0zo http://wilson18.com/how-to/linux-net...-server-12-04/ — Chris Wilson, Sep 18 '12 at 06:53

score 1 · Accepted Answer · edited May 23 '17 at 11:48

I found the following solution, not satisfying me, but solving my primary problem. Indeed it is about permissions like suggested in [1]. My /home/user directory was not accessible to the webserver. In order to grant minimal possible permissions I used

chmod 701 /home/user

to make it accessible. Additionally I recursively gave group ownership to www-data for the webroot of the virtual host like recommended in [2], but I'm not sure, whether this is necessary.

sudo chown -R user:www-data /home/user/Workspace/project/site
sudo chmod -R g+s /home/user/Workspace/project/site

I'm going to ask for a more elegant solution in a separate question.

Regarding the other problems mentioned, I found out the following with the help of [3] besides other resources:

It is not necessary and may cause an error to have NameVirtualHost *:80 in the virtual hosts description, if it appears in one of apaches other configuration files.
To let apache know about its fully qualified domain name being localhost one creates a file /etc/apache2/conf.d/fqdn with content ServerName localhost.

Problems configuring VirtualHost in Apache2 on Ubuntu 12.04

What I've done so far

What happens

What should happen

What I learned so far

1 Answers1