The JavaDocs for the javax.activation package somewhat clarifies the use of "activation" in the name.
It refers to the JavaBeans Activation Framework:
With the JavaBeans Activation Framework standard extension, developers
who use Java technology can take advantage of standard services to
determine the type of an arbitrary piece of data, encapsulate access
to it, discover the operations available on it, and to instantiate the
appropriate bean to perform said operation(s). For example, if a
browser obtained a JPEG image, this framework would enable the browser
to identify that stream of data as an JPEG image, and from that type,
the browser could locate and instantiate an object that could
manipulate, or view that image.