I know this is late to the party, but I had a similar issue but since it was inside of a docker image I had no access to python, so I solved it like so:
for X in $(sqlite3 database.db .tables) ; do sqlite3 database.db "SELECT * FROM $X;" | grep >/dev/null 'STRING I WANT' && echo $X; done
This will iterate through all tables in a database file and perform a select all operation which I then grep for the string. If it finds the string, it prints the table, and from there I can simply use sqlite3 to find out how it was used.
Figured it might be helpful to other who cannot use python.