@Autowired fails with JUnit & Spring

Question

Really need help. I used JUnit(4.6) plus Spring(3.0.5) for unit testing. When I tried to autowire a service object in my test class, I got a NoSuchBeanDefinitionException.

The JUnit code:

package com.aaa.service.impl;

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/spring/applicationContext.xml",
    "classpath:/spring/applicationContext-aop.xml",
    "classpath:/spring/applicationContext-dao.xml",
    "classpath:/spring/applicationContext-service.xml" })
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestManageTargetServiceImpl {

    @Autowired
    ManageTargetServiceImpl manageTargetServiceImpl;

    @Test
    public void testQueryFinancialMonthList() {
        List<Map<String, Object>> value = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
        ManageTargetDao manageTargetDao = mock(ManageTargetDao.class);
        when(manageTargetDao.queryFinancialMonthList()).thenReturn(value);
        manageTargetServiceImpl.setManageTargetDao(manageTargetDao);
        // I hope it return null
        assertNull(manageTargetServiceImpl.queryFinancialMonthList());
    }
}

The applicationContext-service.xml code:

<context:annotation-config />

<bean id="manageTargetService" class="com.aaa.service.impl.ManageTargetServiceImpl">
    <property name="manageTargetDao" ref="manageTargetDao"></property>
</bean>

The error track:

00:51:28,625 ERROR main context.TestContextManager:324 - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@882dfc] to prepare test instance [com.aaa.service.impl.TestManageTargetServiceImpl@ce2db0]
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.aaa.service.impl.TestManageTargetServiceImpl': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.aaa.service.impl.ManageTargetServiceImpl com.aaa.service.impl.TestManageTargetServiceImpl.manageTargetServiceImpl; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.aaa.service.impl.ManageTargetServiceImpl] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

Some log:

00:51:26,828 DEBUG main context.TestContextManager:282 - beforeTestClass(): class [class com.aaa.service.impl.TestManageTargetServiceImpl]
00:51:26,828 DEBUG main annotation.ProfileValueUtils:68 - Retrieved @ProfileValueSourceConfiguration [null] for test class [com.aaa.service.impl.TestManageTargetServiceImpl]
00:51:26,828 DEBUG main annotation.ProfileValueUtils:80 - Retrieved ProfileValueSource type [class org.springframework.test.annotation.SystemProfileValueSource] for class [com.aaa.service.impl.TestManageTargetServiceImpl]
00:51:26,828 DEBUG main context.TestContextManager:315 - prepareTestInstance(): instance [com.aaa.service.impl.TestManageTargetServiceImpl@ce2db0]
00:51:26,843 DEBUG main support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener:73 - Performing dependency injection for test context [[TestContext@e0eb3f testClass = TestManageTargetServiceImpl, locations = array<String>['classpath:/spring/applicationContext.xml', 'classpath:/spring/applicationContext-aop.xml', 'classpath:/spring/applicationContext-dao.xml', 'classpath:/spring/applicationContext-service.xml'], testInstance = com.aaa.service.impl.TestManageTargetServiceImpl@ce2db0, testMethod = [null], testException = [null]]].
00:51:26,843 DEBUG main support.AbstractGenericContextLoader:75 - Loading ApplicationContext for locations [classpath:/spring/applicationContext.xml,classpath:/spring/applicationContext-aop.xml,classpath:/spring/applicationContext-dao.xml,classpath:/spring/applicationContext-service.xml].
00:51:26,968  INFO main xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader:315 - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring/applicationContext.xml]
00:51:27,187  INFO main xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader:315 - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring/applicationContext-aop.xml]
00:51:27,312  INFO main xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader:315 - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring/applicationContext-dao.xml]
00:51:27,421  INFO main xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader:315 - Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [spring/applicationContext-service.xml]
00:51:27,453  INFO main support.GenericApplicationContext:456 - Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext@16c14e7: startup date [Tue Jan 01 00:51:27 NZDT 2013]; root of context hierarchy
00:51:27,718  INFO main config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer:177 - Loading properties file from class path resource [jdbc.properties]
00:51:27,796  INFO main support.DefaultListableBeanFactory:555 - Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@2938d8: defining beans [loggingAop,org.springframework.aop.config.internalAutoProxyCreator,org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJPointcutAdvisor#0,service,loginDao,manageTargetDao,org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer#0,dataSource,txManager,txAdvice,txDAO,org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultBeanFactoryPointcutAdvisor#0,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalConfigurationAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalAutowiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalRequiredAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalCommonAnnotationProcessor,org.springframework.context.annotation.internalPersistenceAnnotationProcessor,loginService,manageTargetService]; root of factory hierarchy

Are you sure that there are no other errors in the stacktrace? Maybe manageTargetService can't be created in the container because of some errors etc. (Or becuase manageTargetDao not found - it must be available as it's specified as a property in your xml) — Boris Treukhov, Dec 31 '12 at 13:53
Guessing here - but given that injection of a class type `ManageTargetServiceImpl` is failing, I think the reason is that a proxy is getting created for `ManageTargetServiceImpl` and so the type of the bean will not be `ManageTargetServiceImpl` anymore but the interface of that class. — Biju Kunjummen, Dec 31 '12 at 14:53
Hi, Biju, you are correct, thank you. I added the aop method and declared transaction on the `ManageTargetServiceImpl`. And I just tried to remove the aops, the @Autowired works well. Thank you! @Biju Kunjummen — Albert, Dec 31 '12 at 23:20

score 0 · Answer 1 · answered Dec 31 '12 at 12:42

0

Look at your property id. It should be manageTargetServiceImpl in your applicationContext-service.xml

Change it to this:

<bean id="manageTargetServiceImpl" class="com.aaa.service.impl.ManageTargetServiceImpl">
    <property name="manageTargetDao" ref="manageTargetDao"></property>
</bean>

answered Dec 31 '12 at 12:42

Matin Kh

5,192
6
53
77

Hi, Matin, thank you for your reply. However, I changed the id, and it still doesn't work with the same exception. Moreover, I think the default auto wire type of @Autowired is byType. – Albert Dec 31 '12 at 13:06
Are you using several `applicationContext` files? Make sure they have access to each other using ` – Matin Kh Dec 31 '12 at 13:20
`@Autowired` ALWAYS uses by-type wiring. – Boris Treukhov Dec 31 '12 at 13:56
Hi, Matin, Boris, thanks for your help. The reason is I added aop on the `ManageTargetServiceImpl`, so its type of the bean in the Spring is `ManageTargetServiceImpl` 's interface `ManageTargetService`. – Albert Dec 31 '12 at 23:22

score 0 · Accepted Answer · answered Dec 31 '12 at 23:30

0

Guessing here - but given that injection of a class type ManageTargetServiceImpl is failing, I think the reason is that a proxy is getting created for ManageTargetServiceImpl and so the type of the bean will not be ManageTargetServiceImpl anymore but the interface of that class.

from Biju Kunjummen

answered Dec 31 '12 at 23:30

skywindcn

16

Biju Kunjummen is correct. I added the aop method and declared transaction on the ManageTargetServiceImpl. After removing the aops, the @Autowired works well. – Albert Dec 31 '12 at 23:31

@Autowired fails with JUnit & Spring

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