Possible Duplicate:
“Least Astonishment” in Python: The Mutable Default Argument
I'm trying to write a function that randomizes a list in Python 2.7.3. The code that does it is this:
import random
def randomize_list(l, new=[]):
if not len(l):
return new
print id(l), id(new)
l1 = list(l)
new.append(l1.pop(
random.choice(list(range(len(l1))))
))
return randomize_list(l1, new)
If I import this function, and call it multiple time, the id(new)
, always returns the same value, and each subsequent call to randomize_function
adds items to the results of previous invocation. So, for example:
>>> a = [1,2,3,4]
>>> randomize_list(a)
35192344 35234016
16126176 35234016
16126536 35234016
16126896 35234016
[2,3,4,1]
>>> randomize_list(a)
35192344 35234016
35193488 35234016
35193344 35234016
16126608 35234016
[2,3,4,1,3,2,1,4]
... and so on
Why is this happening, and how do I fix it?