Short answer is no, you can't do that with a jQuery Mobile only.
Now I would assume you are creating a mobile application, and by mobile application I mean hybrid android/iPhone app and not a mobile version of your web app. If I am correct you will probably use a Phonegap/Cordova framework wrapper which will server as a wrapper between your HTML/CSS/JS and a natuve app.
More about Phonegap/Cordova framework can be found here: http://cordova.apache.org/
jQuery Mobile and Phonegap is a standard mix, you can find a lot of how to tutorials.
But back to your question, here's how you can bind volume up and volume down event using Phonegap to jQuery mobile code:
document.addEventListener("volumedownbutton", onVolumeDownKeyDown, false);
function onVolumeDownKeyDown() {
// Handle the volume down button
}
and:
document.addEventListener("volumeupbutton", onVolumeUpKeyDown, false);
function onVolumeUpKeyDown() {
// Handle the volume up button
}
Also take a look at my other short article how to handle phonegap events with jQuery mobile:
https://stackoverflow.com/a/14010308/1848600
More about volume up/volume down events can be found here: http://docs.phonegap.com/en/1.2.0/phonegap_events_events.md.html