perhaps this:
$("table tr td:contains('Adresse')").not(':contains(Adresse\u00a0IP)').next('.tdSoap').text();
why does this not work:(what you have)
$("table tr:has(td:contains('Adresse'):not(':contains(Adresse\u00a0IP)')) td.tdSoap").text();
jQuery uses a right to left in a selector, so think this:
- find all td.tdSoap
- now find those that have not any 'Adresse\u00a0IP' - well none do inside the td.tdSoap
- now find those that do have 'Adresse' - well none do inside the td.tdSoap
- now has, combine those - still none INSIDE that td.tdSoap so nothing is selected.
Now, this also works taking out the "has" and added a next:
$("table tr td:contains('Adresse'):not(':contains(Adresse\u00a0IP)')").next("td.tdSoap").addClass('myfirst');
However, run some performance metrics and see which of these is faster:
$('table').find('tr').find('td:contains("Adresse")').not(':contains("Adresse\u00a0IP")').next('.tdSoap').text();
$('table').find('.tdSoap').prev(':contains(Adresse)').not(':contains(Adresse\u00a0IP)').next().text();
$("table tr td:contains('Adresse'):not(':contains(Adresse\u00a0IP)')").next('td.tdSoap').text();
$("table tr:has(td:contains('Adresse'))").not(":contains(Adresse\u00a0IP)").find("td.tdSoap").text();
$("table tr td:contains('Adresse')").not(':contains(Adresse\u00a0IP)').next('.tdSoap').text();
NOTE: those get the text of all of them if you have more "groups" of these, not sure you want all of them, but that is what you have.
EDIT: this works with or without the  
$('table').find('tr').find('td:contains("Adresse")').not(':contains("Adresse\u00a0IP")').not(':contains("Adresse IP")').next('.tdSoap').text();