Knowing both are micro-kernels, what is the difference b/w Mach (on which Hurd is based on) and Minix. Are there any architectural differences? A little light over "what is L4" would be very helpful. I cannot find any documents covering this.
1 Answers
GNU Mach is an implementation of the Mach microkernel. It is the default microkernel in the GNU Hurd operating system.
MINIX is a Unix-like computer operating system based on a microkernel architecture created by Andrew S. Tanenbaum for educational purposes.
I think that your question is incorrect. What the difference between Linux and FreeBSD? Each of this operating system implemented own system calls, application interfaces, etc.
L4 is a family of second-generation microkernels, generally used to implement Unix-like operating systems, but also used in a variety of other systems. L4, like its predecessor L3 was created by German computer scientist Jochen Liedtke as a response to the poor performance of earlier microkernel-based operating systems.
Read some links bellow:

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6This does not explain the difference between a Mach micro kernel and a Minix micro kernel. – ceving Dec 01 '16 at 09:12
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Stop saying Minix was written for educational purposes. It's so discrediting. – nehem Sep 18 '18 at 06:08
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3But it was. Early versions of MINIX were created by Andrew S. Tanenbaum for educational purposes. Starting with MINIX 3, the primary aim of development shifted from education to the creation of a highly reliable and self-healing microkernel OS. MINIX is now developed as open-source software. – ymn Sep 18 '18 at 06:38