dvb_subtitles cannot be extracted with ffmpeg easily because is an image that overlays the original. Good explanation: https://stackoverflow.com/a/20887655/2119685
There is a way to extract the dvb_teletext, which normally includes the subtiltes too.
Install the next dependency:
sudo apt-get install libzvbi-dev
Then recompile from source ffmpeg with:
--enable-libzvbi
Good tutorial here on how to compile FFMPEG from source -https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/CompilationGuide/Ubuntu
Then execute the next command to fetch the subtitles to a .srt file:
ffmpeg -txt_format text -i INPUT1 -an -vn -scodec srt test.srt
And voila, your .srt subtitles will be in test.srt