Assuming you know the public key exists and begins with "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----" and ends with "-----END PUBLIC KEY-----" you could do the following:
NSString *startPublicKey = @"-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----";
NSString *endPublicKey = @"-----END PUBLIC KEY-----";
NSString* path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"mykey"
ofType:@"pem"];
NSString* content = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:path
encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding
error:NULL];
NSString *publicKey;
NSScanner *scanner = [NSScanner scannerWithString:content];
[scanner scanUpToString:startPublicKey intoString:nil];
[scanner scanString:startPublicKey intoString:nil];
[scanner scanUpToString:endPublicKey intoString:&publicKey];
NSData *data = [NSData base64DataFromString:publicKey];