Anyone recommend how a person could get started with autotools in building a C project?
5 Answers
Alexandre Duret-Lutz's tutorial is my resource of choice.
There are also:
To me, the autobook is not up to date anymore and more difficult to read. However it still contains interesting chapters like Writing Portable Bourne Shell.
Also, consider learning about non-recursive automake which addresses the concerns raised by Peter Miller in his Recursive Make Considered Harmful article.
EDIT: for reference, there is also Autotools Tutorial for Beginners.

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2seriously? I got -1 for my answer while being the most exhaustive one... you can't be serious – Gregory Pakosz Jun 23 '10 at 10:58
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4Well, ten months later, you get a +1 for being, as far as I'm concerned, the best answer. – Cascabel Aug 31 '10 at 19:08
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Another +1 for the reference to the online version of practitioner's guide. I have the book at home, but sometimes need the info at work as well. – BD at Rivenhill Aug 17 '11 at 10:40
Follow the autotools tutorial.
You can also get the autobook. Chapter 4 covers a minimal GNU autotools project.

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5Really, I dislike the autobook - I found Alexandre Duret-Lutz's tutorial more helpful and actually has the form of a tutorial, just my 2 cents. – Gregory Pakosz Dec 07 '09 at 21:07
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1Agreed, adl's tutorial is way better, but checking out the autobook does not hurt. – Gonzalo Dec 07 '09 at 21:44
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Am i missing something or is this 'tutorial' a set of power-point-style slides? – Arthur Ulfeldt Jun 21 '10 at 20:33
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Yeah, looks like their certificate is now signed by their own self-signed certificate. Ignore the warning and proceed. The tutorial is still there :-) – Gonzalo Nov 07 '13 at 14:10
I would recommend this tutorial and get the book when it's released. The tutorial really helped me a lot, it even contains a step by step conversion of an existing (non trivial) project to autotools.

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This is a good place to start:
http://www.dwheeler.com/autotools/ - video tutorial: Introduction to the Autotools (2012-03-05)
He makes a very good point "Beware any documentation written before 2006 is probably out of date."
After that:
http://www.lrde.epita.fr/~adl/autotools.html - autotools tutorial (556 slides) http://www.openismus.com/documents/linux/automake/automake - Using Automake and Autoconf with C++

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I found this tutorial given by Thomas Petazzoni at the Embedded Linux Conference 2016 very helpful to start learning autotools: Autotools: A Demystification Tutorial
Here are the associated slides: GNU Autotools Tutorial Slides
He gives demonstrations and good examples that are in my opinion a good start before going further with the already mentioned A. Duret-Lutz tutorial.