@Kevin - without seeing your code it is nigh on impossible to really understand what you are asking. I assume that since you didn't seem to need the suggestions provided about document load that the timeout you are looking for is 100% in casper as part of a scenario/test.
That said then what you would need to look into would be the Casper testing framework for asynchronous actions: http://docs.casperjs.org/en/latest/modules/tester.html#begin Coupled with the casper selectors bit: http://docs.casperjs.org/en/latest/selectors.html
You should be able to run the casper.start or casper.wait. http://docs.casperjs.org/en/latest/modules/casper.html#wait Casper.start does not seem to have a timeout as an argument so if you are asking about moving to the next step of a casper.start after the timeout expires then that would be more complicated.
In short please provide a better explanation of your actual problem. PS. unless you really really want to test that the images loaded (like for layout or screenshot testing) then you can always pass the flag to run Casper and not have it load the images:
var casper = require('casper').create({ pageSettings: { loadImages: false }})