What you are looking for is to serialize an object graph into a data structure that can be displayed in a JTree. This is a very complex task with a lot of work involved. To do this properly you will need to perform the following (this is just a summary):
determine the data structure you will use (maybe an implementation of TreeNode or something equivalent) to represent objects and fields
explore the object graph recursively using reflection. For each class explore the fields including those in the full chain of inheritance; then for each field do the same with its class if it is not a primitive type; also make sure you call setAccessible(true) on each non-public field to actually access it
handle object reference cycles, you don't want to loop forever and end up with a StackOverflowError nor with an inifnite tree. You will need to figure a way to link references to an object to its actual content in your JTree. This is one of the cases where I found IdentityHashMap to be useful and desirable.
My recommendation is not to do it from scratch. You could find inspiration from various sources, for example: the source of java.io.ObjectOutputStream and its accompanying classes, or other open source serialzation frameworks such as XStream or Kryo or a bunch of others.
I personally have implemented such a framework for specific purposes some time ago, which is why I have an idea of the excrutiating pain it can be. You can find the source here (start with the JPPFObjectOutputStream class).