With the current Bootstrap version (3.3.2) there is a nice way to achieve a fixed sidebar for navigation.
This solution also works well with the re-introduced container-fluid class, meaning it is easily possible to have a responsive full-screen layout.
Normally you would need to use fixed widths and margins or the navigation would overlap the content, but with the help of the empty placeholder column the content is always positioned in the right place.
The below setup wraps the content around when you resize the window to less than 768px and releases the fixed navigation.
See http://www.bootply.com/ePvnTy1VII for a working example.
CSS
@media (min-width: 767px) {
#navigation{
position: fixed;
}
}
HTML
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row">
<div id="navigation" class="col-lg-2 col-md-3 col-sm-3">
<ul>
<li><a href="#">Link 1</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link 1</a></li>
<li><a href="#">Link 1</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="col-lg-2 col-md-3 col-sm-3 hidden-xs">
<!-- Placeholder - keep empty -->
</div>
<div id="main" class="col-lg-10 col-md-9 col-sm-9 fill">
...
Huge Content
...
</div>
</div>
</div>
See my answer in https://stackoverflow.com/a/28238515/3891027.