Yes. SVN's excellent documentation tells you how.
Assuming you're using TortiseSVN, the instructions are listed at the link above. Excerpt:
In most projects you will have files and folders that should not be
subject to version control. These might include files created by the
compiler, *.obj, *.lst, maybe an output folder used to store the
executable. Whenever you commit changes, TortoiseSVN shows your
unversioned files, which fills up the file list in the commit dialog.
Of course you can turn off this display, but then you might forget to
add a new source file.
The best way to avoid these problems is to add the derived files to
the project's ignore list. That way they will never show up in the
commit dialog, but genuine unversioned source files will still be
flagged up.
If you right click on a single unversioned file, and select the
command TortoiseSVN → Add to Ignore List from the context menu, a
submenu appears allowing you to select just that file, or all files
with the same extension. Both submenus also have a (recursively)
equivalent. If you select multiple files, there is no submenu and you
can only add those specific files/folders.
If you choose the (recursively) version of the ignore context menu,
the item will be ignored not just for the selected folder but all
subfolders as well. However this requires SVN clients version 1.8 or
higher.
If you want to remove one or more items from the ignore list, right
click on those items and select TortoiseSVN → Remove from Ignore List
You can also access a folder's svn:ignore property directly. That
allows you to specify more general patterns using filename globbing,
described in the section below. Read the section called “Project
Settings” for more information on setting properties directly. Please
be aware that each ignore pattern has to be placed on a separate line.
Separating them by spaces does not work.
If you're not using Tortoise, you can look in the SVN-book.red-bean.com documentation.