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I am getting this error, while unmarshalling a string. I have created Java files using JAXB.

JAXBContext jaxbContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(DocumentType.class);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
// Input string posted below
DocumentType dType = (DocumentType) unmarshaller.unmarshal(new StringReader("input string"));

Stack trace:

Exception in thread "main" javax.xml.bind.UnmarshalException: unexpected element (uri:"http://ocrsdk.com/schema/recognizedBusinessCard-1.0.xsd", local:"document"). Expected elements are (none)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext.handleEvent(UnmarshallingContext.java:647)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportError(Loader.java:243)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportError(Loader.java:238)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.Loader.reportUnexpectedChildElement(Loader.java:105)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext$DefaultRootLoader.childElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:1048)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext._startElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:483)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallingContext.startElement(UnmarshallingContext.java:465)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.SAXConnector.startElement(SAXConnector.java:135)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.startElement(AbstractSAXParser.java:506)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:376)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDriver.scanRootElementHook(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:602)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDriver.next(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:3065)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl$PrologDriver.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:881)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLDocumentScannerImpl.java:607)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.next(XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.java:116)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.java:489)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:835)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(XML11Configuration.java:764)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.XMLParser.parse(XMLParser.java:123)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.parsers.AbstractSAXParser.parse(AbstractSAXParser.java:1210)
    at com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserImpl$JAXPSAXParser.parse(SAXParserImpl.java:568)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal0(UnmarshallerImpl.java:203)
    at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(UnmarshallerImpl.java:175)
    at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.java:157)
    at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.java:214)
    at JaxbTest.main(JaxbTest.java:19)

XSD:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema targetNamespace="http://ocrsdk.com/schema/recognizedBusinessCard-1.0.xsd"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:tns="http://ocrsdk.com/schema/recognizedBusinessCard-1.0.xsd"
    elementFormDefault="qualified">

    <xs:element name="document" type="tns:documentType"></xs:element>

    <xs:complexType name="documentType">
        <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="businessCard" type="tns:businessCardType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"></xs:element>
        </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>

    <xs:complexType name="businessCardType">
        <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="field" type="tns:fieldType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"></xs:element>
        </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>

    <xs:complexType name="fieldType">
        <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="value" type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
            </xs:element>
            <xs:element name="characters" type="tns:charactersType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"></xs:element>
            <xs:element name="fieldComponents" type="tns:fieldComponentsType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"></xs:element>
        </xs:sequence>
        <xs:attribute name="type" type="tns:typeType"></xs:attribute>
    </xs:complexType>

    <xs:simpleType name="typeType">
        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
            <xs:enumeration value="Name"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Phone"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Mobile"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Fax"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Company"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Job"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Address"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Email"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Web"></xs:enumeration>
            <xs:enumeration value="Text"></xs:enumeration>
        </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>

    <xs:complexType name="charactersType">
        <xs:sequence>
            <xs:element name="char" type="tns:charType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"></xs:element>
        </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>

    <xs:complexType name="charType">
        <xs:simpleContent>
            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
                <xs:attribute name="suspicious" type="xs:boolean" use="optional"></xs:attribute>
            </xs:extension>
        </xs:simpleContent>
    </xs:complexType>

    <xs:complexType name="fieldComponentsType">
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="fieldComponent" type="tns:fieldComponentType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"></xs:element>
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>


    <xs:complexType name="fieldComponentType">
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="value" type="xs:string" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1">
        </xs:element>
      </xs:sequence>
      <xs:attribute name="type" type="tns:fieldComponentTypeType"></xs:attribute>
    </xs:complexType>

    <xs:simpleType name="fieldComponentTypeType">
      <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
        <xs:enumeration value="FirstName"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="MiddleName"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="LastName"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="ExtraName"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="PhonePrefix"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="PhoneCountryCode"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="PhoneCode"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="PhoneBody"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="PhoneExtension"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="ZipCode"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="Country"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="City"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="StreetAddress"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="JobPosition"></xs:enumeration>
        <xs:enumeration value="JobDepartment"></xs:enumeration>
      </xs:restriction>
    </xs:simpleType>

</xs:schema>

Input string:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>
<document xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://ocrsdk.com/schema/recognizedBusinessCard-1.0.xsd http://ocrsdk.com/schema/recognizedBusinessCard-1.0.xsd" xmlns="http://ocrsdk.com/schema/recognizedBusinessCard-1.0.xsd">
<businessCard>
<field type="Phone">
  <value>783-37-00</value>
</field>
<field type="Phone">
  <value>783-37-01</value>
</field>
<field type="Fax">
  <value>783-26-63</value>
</field>
<field type="Email">
  <value>john_sm@abbyy.com</value>
</field>
<field type="Web">
  <value>www.abbyy.com</value>
</field>
<field type="Address">
  <value>Otradnaya str., 2b, bld.6, 127273, Moscow, Russia</value>
</field>
<field type="Name">
  <value>John Smith</value>
</field>
<field type="Company">
  <value>ABBYY Headquarters</value>
</field>
<field type="Job">
  <value>Product Analyst</value>
</field>
<field type="Text">
  <value>ABBYY ABBYY Headquarters John Smith Product Analyst ABBYY Headquarters Otradnaya str., 2b, bld.6, 127273, Moscow, Russia Tel: 783-37-00 Fax: 783-26-63 john_sm@abbyy.com www.abbyy.com </value>
</field>
</businessCard>
</document>
approxiblue
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user3102817
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6 Answers6

146

When you generate a JAXB model from an XML Schema, global elements that correspond to named complex types will have that metadata captured as an @XmlElementDecl annotation on a create method in the ObjectFactory class. Since you are creating the JAXBContext on just the DocumentType class this metadata isn't being processed. If you generated your JAXB model from an XML Schema then you should create the JAXBContext on the generated package name or ObjectFactory class to ensure all the necessary metadata is processed.

Example solution:

JAXBContext jaxbContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(my.generatedschema.dir.ObjectFactory.class);
DocumentType documentType = ((JAXBElement<DocumentType>) jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller().unmarshal(inputStream)).getValue();
Pavel
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bdoughan
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    Works fine. unmarshaller.unmarshal() will return JAXBElement instead of DocumentType. Call getValue() to get the wrapped object. – rwitzel Mar 28 '14 at 15:48
  • In my case, calling the imported root element required `unmarshaller = context.createUnmarshaller(); final Object object = unmarshaller.unmarshal(new File("path/to/data.xml")); final DocumentType cd = (DocumentType)object;` – CodeMed Oct 17 '14 at 22:44
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    Second step looks like this: `DocumentType doc = ((JAXBElement) jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller().unmarshal( inputStream)).getValue();` – thomas.mc.work Jul 14 '15 at 11:41
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    I got the same error as before. However I was able to use the anonymous root object method suggested here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/15117152/1717259 – user1717259 May 17 '16 at 10:16
38

Alternatively if you want to persist in using the DocumentType class. Then you could just add the following annotation on top of your DocumentType class.

    @XmlRootElement(name="document")

Note: the String value "document" refers to the name of the root tag of the xml message.

bvdb
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  • Thanks, dude. After hunting about hours for a solution on this situation, the @XmlRootElement fixed the problem. I'm wondering why this behavior should be like this. Does it really make sense to force this annotation under unmarshalling process? – Miere Jun 18 '14 at 00:30
  • @Miere Now that I think about it. In the world of webservices, RPC-style automatically provides a wrapping node, where as document-style webservices require an explicit declaration. So, it's always been an area of discussion. – bvdb Dec 18 '14 at 00:23
  • I am using xjc in jdk1.6.0_45 to generate POJO from XSD. The root POJO generated by xjc is missing @XmlRootElement(name="RootName"). Add this line on top manually and unmarshal is successful. – oraclesoon Jan 06 '16 at 10:56
  • It's always the owner class that defines the xml tag name of its associations (e.g. using `@XmlElement(name='...')`). So, a class does not define its own xml tag name. But since the root element does not have a parent node, that poses a problem for the root element. **Several solutions exist:** XJC assumes that you will use its `ObjectFactory`. It defines the name of the rootnode using the `@XmlElementDecl` annotation in its `ObjectFactory`. But if you don't want to use the `ObjectFactory`, then the above annotation (i.e. `@XmlRootElement`) is probably the easiest solution. – bvdb Jan 06 '16 at 20:54
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    I needed to add `@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)` too. – marioosh May 15 '20 at 13:19
3

In my case, I got this error when I imported incorrectly jakarta.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement. The correct one should be javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement

Tuan Hoang
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2

One of the reasons for this error is the use of the jaxb implementation from the jdk. I am not sure why such a problem can appear in pretty simple xml parsing situations. You may use the latest version of the jaxb library from a public maven repository:

http://mvnrepository.com

<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.12</version>
</dependency>
razvanone
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1

In our case we were getting UnmarshalException because a wrong Java package was specified in the following. The issue was resolved once the right package was in place:

@Bean
public Unmarshaller tmsUnmarshaller() {
    final Jaxb2Marshaller jaxb2Marshaller = new Jaxb2Marshaller();
    jaxb2Marshaller
            .setPackagesToScan("java.package.to.generated.java.classes.for.xsd");
    return jaxb2Marshaller;
}
Erikson
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0

In my case, contrary to Tuan Hoang's solution, I had to use jakarta.xml.bind instead of javax.xml.bind. Maybe it's related to the JDK used in the project, which is in my case JDK11.

Tom Reineke
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