I think this question mainly depends on what you plan on doing with this board game: Is it for ONLY practicing JS (meaning no one else will see it) or will it be later used for other people to utilize it?
In my opinion, we all need to start somewhere, so it is acceptable to use a table in your creation of the board game if you are looking to experiment. In fact, you shouldn't need to worry about optimization if you are only using this to enhance knowledge and for your own personal use.
However, in another offset opinion.. I would suggest you begin to look at the idea of using divs/uls/lis to create a table, as this practice is really invaluable and it is honestly a good idea to begin grasping this idea early rather than later. It will also give you the feel for how CSS can represent multiple things in various ways and how you can also manipulate CSS to really do whatever you want with it.
If you are planning to have this game made public so other people can play, you will want to look into what will optimize the speed or performance of your website. This is where the links that were provided could be of use. In all reality, everybody has their own opinion on this matter and it will be a constant fight until there is solidified evidence on this matter. I would imagine by the time they decide which layout is better, CSS will already be upgrading and optimizing to its fullest capabilities.