I would suggest you to use meta tags instead of passing parameters to the popup. Insert these tags to the head
section of a page you want to share:
<meta property="og:url" content="http://domain/url" />
<meta property="og:title" content="Your title" />
<meta property="og:description" content="Description" />
<meta property="og:image" content="http://image1" />
<meta property="og:image" content="http://image2" />
FB will parse it and show in the dialog. By doing this way you can also specify multiple images.
Then open this dialog window using this code:
var width = 626;
var height = 436;
var yourPageToShare = $(this).attr('href');
var sharerUrl = 'https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=' + encodeURIComponent(yourPageToShare);
var l = window.screenX + (window.outerWidth - width) / 2;
var t = window.screenY + (window.outerHeight - height) / 2;
var winProps = ['width='+width,'height='+height,'left='+l,'top='+t,'status=no','resizable=yes','toolbar=no','menubar=no','scrollbars=yes'].join(',');
var win = window.open(sharerUrl, 'fbShareWin', winProps);
Here you can read more about Facebook Open Graph tags
Edit
Here is full page code that should work:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta property="og:title" content="Your title" />
<meta property="og:description" content="Your description" />
<script>
function share() {
var width = 626;
var height = 436;
var yourPageToShare = location.href;
var sharerUrl = 'https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=' + encodeURIComponent(yourPageToShare);
var l = window.screenX + (window.outerWidth - width) / 2;
var t = window.screenY + (window.outerHeight - height) / 2;
var winProps = ['width='+width,'height='+height,'left='+l,'top='+t,'status=no','resizable=yes','toolbar=no','menubar=no','scrollbars=yes'].join(',');
var win = window.open(sharerUrl, 'fbShareWin', winProps);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="Share" onclick="share();">
</body>
</html>
It's worth to note that FB might cache this page's meta tags, so you probably will need to wait for a while.
The problem in your case may be because you add meta tags to the page that contains the links, not the pages those links are pointing to.