In addition to @Harpal's solution, you can add two more columns to your data frame where pointsize and -color is specified according to particular conditions:
df <- data.frame(time= c(1,2,3), value = c(.4,.6,.7))
# specify condition and pointsize here
df$pointsize <- ifelse(df$value==0.6, 5, 1)
# specify condition and pointcolour here
df$pointcol <- ifelse(df$value==0.6, "red", "black")
ggplot(df, aes(x=time, y=value)) + geom_line() + geom_point(shape=7, size=df$pointsize, colour=df$pointcol)
You may change ifelse(df$value==0.6, 5, 1)
to meet any criteria you like, or you use a more complex approach to specifiy more conditions to be met:
df <- data.frame(time= c(1,2,3), value = c(.4,.6,.7))
df$pointsize[which(df$value<0.6)] <- 1
df$pointsize[which(df$value>0.6)] <- 8
df$pointsize[which(df$value==0.6)] <- 5
df$pointcol[which(df$value<0.6)] <- "black"
df$pointcol[which(df$value>0.6)] <- "green"
df$pointcol[which(df$value==0.6)] <- "red"
ggplot(df, aes(x=time, y=value)) + geom_line() + geom_point(shape=7, size=df$pointsize, colour=df$pointcol)