Max retries exceeded with URL in requests

Question

I'm trying to get the content of App Store > Business:

import requests
from lxml import html

page = requests.get("https://itunes.apple.com/in/genre/ios-business/id6000?mt=8")
tree = html.fromstring(page.text)

flist = []
plist = []
for i in range(0, 100):
    app = tree.xpath("//div[@class='column first']/ul/li/a/@href")
    ap = app[0]
    page1 = requests.get(ap)

When I try the range with (0,2) it works, but when I put the range in 100s it shows this error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/preetham/Desktop/eg.py", line 17, in <module>
    page1 = requests.get(ap)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 55, in get
    return request('get', url, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 44, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 383, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 486, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 378, in send
    raise ConnectionError(e)
requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='itunes.apple.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /in/app/adobe-reader/id469337564?mt=8 (Caused by <class 'socket.gaierror'>: [Errno -2] Name or service not known)

Answer 1

Just use requests features:

import requests
from requests.adapters import HTTPAdapter
from urllib3.util.retry import Retry


session = requests.Session()
retry = Retry(connect=3, backoff_factor=0.5)
adapter = HTTPAdapter(max_retries=retry)
session.mount('http://', adapter)
session.mount('https://', adapter)

session.get(url)

This will GET the URL and retry 3 times in case of requests.exceptions.ConnectionError. backoff_factor will help to apply delays between attempts to avoid failing again in case of periodic request quota.

Take a look at urllib3.util.retry.Retry, it has many options to simplify retries.

Answer 2

What happened here is that itunes server refuses your connection (you're sending too many requests from same ip address in short period of time)

Max retries exceeded with url: /in/app/adobe-reader/id469337564?mt=8

error trace is misleading it should be something like "No connection could be made because the target machine actively refused it".

There is an issue at about python.requests lib at Github, check it out here

To overcome this issue (not so much an issue as it is misleading debug trace) you should catch connection related exceptions like so:

try:
    page1 = requests.get(ap)
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
    r.status_code = "Connection refused"

Another way to overcome this problem is if you use enough time gap to send requests to server this can be achieved by sleep(timeinsec) function in python (don't forget to import sleep)

from time import sleep

All in all requests is awesome python lib, hope that solves your problem.

Answer 3

Just do this,

Paste the following code in place of page = requests.get(url):

import time

page = ''
while page == '':
    try:
        page = requests.get(url)
        break
    except:
        print("Connection refused by the server..")
        print("Let me sleep for 5 seconds")
        print("ZZzzzz...")
        time.sleep(5)
        print("Was a nice sleep, now let me continue...")
        continue

You're welcome :)

Answer 4

I got similar problem but the following code worked for me.

url = <some REST url>    
page = requests.get(url, verify=False)

"verify=False" disables SSL verification. Try and catch can be added as usual.

Answer 5

pip install pyopenssl seemed to solve it for me.

https://github.com/requests/requests/issues/4246

Answer 6

Specifying the proxy in a corporate environment solved it for me.

page = requests.get("http://www.google.com:80", proxies={"http": "http://111.233.225.166:1234"})

The full error is:

requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='www.google.com', port=80): Max retries exceeded with url: / (Caused by NewConnectionError(': Failed to establish a new connection: [WinError 10060] A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond'))

Answer 7

It is always good to implement exception handling. It does not only help to avoid unexpected exit of script but can also help to log errors and info notification. When using Python requests I prefer to catch exceptions like this:

    try:
        res = requests.get(adress,timeout=30)
    except requests.ConnectionError as e:
        print("OOPS!! Connection Error. Make sure you are connected to Internet. Technical Details given below.\n")
        print(str(e))            
        renewIPadress()
        continue
    except requests.Timeout as e:
        print("OOPS!! Timeout Error")
        print(str(e))
        renewIPadress()
        continue
    except requests.RequestException as e:
        print("OOPS!! General Error")
        print(str(e))
        renewIPadress()
        continue
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("Someone closed the program")

Here renewIPadress() is a user define function which can change the IP address if it get blocked. You can go without this function.

Answer 8

Adding my own experience for those who are experiencing this in the future. My specific error was

Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 8] nodename nor servname provided, or not known'

It turns out that this was actually because I had reach the maximum number of open files on my system. It had nothing to do with failed connections, or even a DNS error as indicated.

Answer 9

When I was writing a selenium browser test script, I encountered this error when calling driver.quit() before a usage of a JS api call.Remember that quiting webdriver is last thing to do!

Answer 10

i wasn't able to make it work on windows even after installing pyopenssl and trying various python versions (while it worked fine on mac), so i switched to urllib and it works on python 3.6 (from python .org) and 3.7 (anaconda)

import urllib 
from urllib.request import urlopen
html = urlopen("http://pythonscraping.com/pages/page1.html")
contents = html.read()
print(contents)

Answer 11

just import time and add :

time.sleep(6)

somewhere in the for loop, to avoid sending too many request to the server in a short time. the number 6 means: 6 seconds. keep testing numbers starting from 1, until you reach the minimum seconds that will help to avoid the problem.

Answer 12

It could be network config issue also. So, for that u need to re-config ur network confgurations.

for Ubuntu : sudo vim /etc/network/interfaces

add 8.8.8.8 in dns-nameserver and save it.

reset ur network : /etc/init.d/networking restart

Now try..

Answer 13

In my case, I am deploying some docker containers inside the python script and then calling one of the deployed services. Error is fixed when I add some delay before calling the service. I think it needs time to get ready to accept connections.

from time import sleep
#deploy containers
#get URL of the container
sleep(5)
response = requests.get(url,verify=False)
print(response.json())

Answer 14

Adding my own experience :

r = requests.get(download_url)

when I tried to download a file specified in the url.

The error was

HTTPSConnectionPool(host, port=443): Max retries exceeded with url (Caused by SSLError(SSLError("bad handshake: Error([('SSL routines', 'tls_process_server_certificate', 'certificate verify failed')])")))

I corrected it by adding verify = False in the function as follows :

r = requests.get(download_url + filename)
open(filename, 'wb').write(r.content)

Answer 15

Check your network connection. I had this and the VM did not have a proper network connection.

Answer 16

I had the same error when I run the route in the browser, but in postman, it works fine. It issue with mine was that, there was no / after the route before the query string.

127.0.0.1:5000/api/v1/search/?location=Madina raise the error and removing / after the search worked for me.

Answer 17

This happens when you send too many requests to the public IP address of https://itunes.apple.com. It as you can see caused due to some reason which does not allow/block access to the public IP address mapping with https://itunes.apple.com. One better solution is the following python script which calculates the public IP address of any domain and creates that mapping to the /etc/hosts file.

import re
import socket
import subprocess
from typing import Tuple

ENDPOINT = 'https://anydomainname.example.com/'
ENDPOINT = 'https://itunes.apple.com/'

def get_public_ip() -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
    """
    Command to get public_ip address of host machine and endpoint domain
    Returns
    -------
    my_public_ip : str
        Ip address string of host machine.
    end_point_ip_address : str
        Ip address of endpoint domain host.
    end_point_domain : str
        domain name of endpoint.

    """
    # bash_command = """host myip.opendns.com resolver1.opendns.com | \
    #     grep "myip.opendns.com has" | awk '{print $4}'"""
    # bash_command = """curl ifconfig.co"""
    # bash_command = """curl ifconfig.me"""
    bash_command = """ curl icanhazip.com"""
    my_public_ip = subprocess.getoutput(bash_command)
    my_public_ip = re.compile("[0-9.]{4,}").findall(my_public_ip)[0]
    end_point_domain = (
        ENDPOINT.replace("https://", "")
        .replace("http://", "")
        .replace("/", "")
    )
    end_point_ip_address = socket.gethostbyname(end_point_domain)
    return my_public_ip, end_point_ip_address, end_point_domain


def set_etc_host(ip_address: str, domain: str) -> str:
    """
    A function to write mapping of ip_address and domain name in /etc/hosts.
    Ref: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38302867/how-to-update-etc-hosts-file-in-docker-image-during-docker-build

    Parameters
    ----------
    ip_address : str
        IP address of the domain.
    domain : str
        domain name of endpoint.

    Returns
    -------
    str
        Message to identify success or failure of the operation.

    """
    bash_command = """echo "{}    {}" >> /etc/hosts""".format(ip_address, domain)
    output = subprocess.getoutput(bash_command)
    return output


if __name__ == "__main__":
    my_public_ip, end_point_ip_address, end_point_domain = get_public_ip()
    output = set_etc_host(ip_address=end_point_ip_address, domain=end_point_domain)
    print("My public IP address:", my_public_ip)
    print("ENDPOINT public IP address:", end_point_ip_address)
    print("ENDPOINT Domain Name:", end_point_domain )
    print("Command output:", output)

You can call the above script before running your desired function :)

Answer 18

My situation is rather special. I tried the answers above, none of them worked. I suddenly thought whether it has something to do with my Internet proxy? You know, I'm in mainland China, and I can't access sites like google without an internet proxy. Then I turned off my Internet proxy and the problem was solved.

Answer 19

Add headers for this request.

headers={
'Referer': 'https://itunes.apple.com',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_0) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36'
}

requests.get(ap, headers=headers)