Why are some object-literal properties quoted and others not?

Question

I see this all the time: object literals declared such that some keys are surrounded with quotes and others are not. An example from jQuery 1.4.2:

jQuery.props = {
    "for": "htmlFor",
    "class": "className",
    readonly: "readOnly",
    maxlength: "maxLength",
    cellspacing: "cellSpacing",
    rowspan: "rowSpan",
    colspan: "colSpan",
    tabindex: "tabIndex",
    usemap: "useMap",
    frameborder: "frameBorder"
};

What is the significance of wrapping the first two property keys (for and class) with quotes, while leaving the others quote-less? Are there any differences at all?

I've been poking around the ECMAScript 5 specification; all I've been able to find is [Note 6 of Section 15.12.3, emphasis mine]:

NOTE 6 An object is rendered as an opening left brace followed by zero or more properties, separated with commas, closed with a right brace. A property is a quoted String representing the key or property name, a colon, and then the stringified property value. An array is rendered as an opening left bracket followed by zero or more values, separated with commas, closed with a right bracket.

However, this refers only to the stringification of JSON.

See also [What is the difference between object keys with quotes and without quotes?](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4348478/what-is-the-difference-between-object-keys-with-quotes-and-without-quotes) — Bergi, Apr 21 '13 at 13:07
How can this be a duplicate of a question that was asked ten months later? You guys got it backwards. — raven, Apr 21 '13 at 17:22
@raven: The answer to the other question is better, and apparently they shouldn’t be merged. My flag was declined. :P — Ry-, Apr 28 '13 at 15:11

score 39 · Accepted Answer · answered Feb 27 '10 at 20:35

Those are Javascript reserved words, and (though not really necessary) the syntax of the language requires that they be quoted.

Strictly speaking, pure "JSON" notation requires that all of the "key" strings be quoted. Javascript itself however is OK with keys that are valid identifiers (but not reserved words) being unquoted.

score 6 · Answer 2 · answered Oct 26 '12 at 16:30

There is a reason at this point (two plus years later) to quote object literal properties. If one wants to minify their code using the Closure Compiler they may need to make the properties accessible to other source files. In that case, they will want to avoid having symbols renamed by the compiler. By quoting the property name, the Closure Compiler will not minify (rename) them.

See: Removal of code you want to keep

(This applies to at least the ADVANCED_OPTIMIZATIONS setting.)

score 2 · Answer 3 · edited Feb 19 '16 at 13:28

2

Javascript language keywords or reserved keywords are always surrounded by quotes in there.

edited Feb 19 '16 at 13:28

ThiefMaster

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answered Feb 27 '10 at 20:35

Sarfraz

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score 1 · Answer 4 · answered Feb 27 '10 at 20:36

1

for and class are language keywords. Your interpreter would throw a SyntaxError when those are unquoted.

See section 7.6.1.1 in the Spec you linked to.

answered Feb 27 '10 at 20:36

Otto Allmendinger

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My interpreter (FF10) doesn't throw anything on `{for:1,class:1,null:1}` and treat them as regular keys. – Taha Jahangir Mar 07 '12 at 12:33
See http://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-properties for more info. – Taha Jahangir Mar 07 '12 at 12:41

score 1 · Answer 5 · edited Feb 19 '16 at 13:28

Javascript has a lot of reserved words that are not actually used by the language which I think were reserved for possible future use. class is one of these even though Javascript does not actually use classes. Another is goto and there's absolutely no chance of that ever being used. The result, however, is that if you want to use these as a json key then it has to be quoted. Strictly speaking you should probably always quote your keys just to avoid the possibility of falling foul of the javascript unused reserved word trap (mind you - I never do).

Why are some object-literal properties quoted and others not?

5 Answers5

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