I had this issue and found that there was no difference between using:
[[UIColor alloc] initWithWhite:1 alpha:0.0];
and using:
[UIColor clearColor];
I tried both of these and still had the little black corners on my table view.
I also tried setting the backgroundView to nil as suggested, but this didn't work either.
I solved this by setting the backgrounds of the individual cells to transparent in the cellForRowAtIndexPath method:
cell.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];
Of course, this has the side effect that your cells themselves are transparent, which isn't ideal for everyone, but it ok for me in this case.