how do I query sql for a latest record date for each user

Question

I have a table that is a collection entries as to when a user was logged on.

username, date,      value
--------------------------
brad,     1/2/2010,  1.1
fred,     1/3/2010,  1.0
bob,      8/4/2009,  1.5
brad,     2/2/2010,  1.2
fred,     12/2/2009, 1.3

etc..

How do I create a query that would give me the latest date for each user?

Update: I forgot that I needed to have a value that goes along with the latest date.

Answer 1

This is the simple old school approach that works with almost any db engine, but you have to watch out for duplicates:

select t.username, t.date, t.value
from MyTable t
inner join (
    select username, max(date) as MaxDate
    from MyTable
    group by username
) tm on t.username = tm.username and t.date = tm.MaxDate

Using window functions will avoid any possible issues with duplicate records due to duplicate date values, so if your db engine allows it you can do something like this:

select x.username, x.date, x.value 
from (
    select username, date, value,
        row_number() over (partition by username order by date desc) as _rn
    from MyTable 
) x
where x._rn = 1

Answer 2

Using window functions (works in Oracle, Postgres 8.4, SQL Server 2005, DB2, Sybase, Firebird 3.0, MariaDB 10.3)

select * from (
    select
        username,
        date,
        value,
        row_number() over(partition by username order by date desc) as rn
    from
        yourtable
) t
where t.rn = 1

Answer 3

I see most of the developers use an inline query without considering its impact on huge data.

Simply, you can achieve this by:

SELECT a.username, a.date, a.value
FROM myTable a
LEFT OUTER JOIN myTable b
ON a.username = b.username 
AND a.date < b.date
WHERE b.username IS NULL
ORDER BY a.date desc;

Answer 4

From my experience the fastest way is to take each row for which there is no newer row in the table.

Another advantage is that the syntax used is very simple, and that the meaning of the query is rather easy to grasp (take all rows such that no newer row exists for the username being considered).

NOT EXISTS

SELECT username, value
FROM t
WHERE NOT EXISTS (
  SELECT *
  FROM t AS witness
  WHERE witness.username = t.username AND witness.date > t.date
);

ROW_NUMBER

SELECT username, value
FROM (
  SELECT username, value, row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY username ORDER BY date DESC) AS rn
  FROM t
) t2
WHERE rn = 1

INNER JOIN

SELECT t.username, t.value
FROM t
INNER JOIN (
  SELECT username, MAX(date) AS date
  FROM t
  GROUP BY username
) tm ON t.username = tm.username AND t.date = tm.date;

LEFT OUTER JOIN

SELECT username, value
FROM t
LEFT OUTER JOIN t AS w ON t.username = w.username AND t.date < w.date
WHERE w.username IS NULL

Answer 5

To get the whole row containing the max date for the user:

select username, date, value
from tablename where (username, date) in (
    select username, max(date) as date
    from tablename
    group by username
)

Answer 6

SELECT *     
FROM MyTable T1    
WHERE date = (
   SELECT max(date)
   FROM MyTable T2
   WHERE T1.username=T2.username
)

Answer 7

This one should give you the correct result for your edited question.

The sub-query makes sure to find only rows of the latest date, and the outer GROUP BY will take care of ties. When there are two entries for the same date for the same user, it will return the one with the highest value.

SELECT t.username, t.date, MAX( t.value ) value
FROM your_table t
JOIN (
       SELECT username, MAX( date ) date
       FROM your_table
       GROUP BY username
) x ON ( x.username = t.username AND x.date = t.date )
GROUP BY t.username, t.date

Answer 8

If your database syntax supports it, then TOP 1 WITH TIES can be a lifesafer in combination with ROWNUMER.

With the example data you provided, use this query:

SELECT TOP 1 WITH TIES
  username, date, value
FROM user_log_in_attempts
ORDER BY ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY username ORDER BY date DESC)

It yields:

username | date      | value
-----------------------------
bob      | 8/4/2009  | 1.5
brad     | 2/2/2010  | 1.2
fred     | 12/2/2009 | 1.3

Demo

How it works:

• ROWNUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY... ORDER BY...) For each username a list of rows is calculated from the youngest (rownumber=1) to the oldest (rownumber=high)
• ORDER BY ROWNUMBER... sorts the youngest rows of each user to the top, followed by the second-youngest rows of each user, and so on
• TOP 1 WITH TIES Because each user has a youngest row, those youngest rows are equal in the sense of the sorting criteria (all have rownumber=1). All those youngest rows will be returned.

Tested with SQL-Server.

Answer 9

SELECT DISTINCT Username, Dates,value 
FROM TableName
WHERE  Dates IN (SELECT  MAX(Dates) FROM TableName GROUP BY Username)


Username    Dates       value
bob         2010-02-02  1.2       
brad        2010-01-02  1.1       
fred        2010-01-03  1.0       

Answer 10

This is similar to one of the answers above, but in my opinion it is a lot simpler and tidier. Also, shows a good use for the cross apply statement. For SQL Server 2005 and above...

select
    a.username,
    a.date,
    a.value,
from yourtable a
cross apply (select max(date) 'maxdate' from yourtable a1 where a.username=a1.username) b
where a.date=b.maxdate

Answer 11

You could also use analytical Rank Function

    with temp as 
(
select username, date, RANK() over (partition by username order by date desc) as rnk from t
)
select username, rnk from t where rnk = 1

Answer 12

SELECT MAX(DATE) AS dates 
FROM assignment  
JOIN paper_submission_detail ON  assignment.PAPER_SUB_ID = 
     paper_submission_detail.PAPER_SUB_ID 

Answer 13

Here's one way to return only the most recent record for each user in SQL Server:

WITH CTE AS (
  SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY user_id ORDER BY date DESC) AS rn
  FROM your_table
)
SELECT *
FROM CTE
WHERE rn = 1;

This uses a common table expression (CTE) to assign a unique rn (row number) to each record for each user, based on the user_id and sorted in descending order by date. The final query then selects only the records with rn equal to 1, which represents the most recent record for each user.

Answer 14

SELECT *
FROM ReportStatus c
inner join ( SELECT 
  MAX(Date) AS MaxDate
  FROM ReportStatus ) m
on  c.date = m.maxdate

Answer 15

SELECT Username, date, value
 from MyTable mt
 inner join (select username, max(date) date
              from MyTable
              group by username) sub
  on sub.username = mt.username
   and sub.date = mt.date

Would address the updated problem. It might not work so well on large tables, even with good indexing.

Answer 16

SELECT t1.username, t1.date, value
FROM MyTable as t1
INNER JOIN (SELECT username, MAX(date)
            FROM MyTable
            GROUP BY username) as t2 ON  t2.username = t1.username AND t2.date = t1.date

Answer 17

For Oracle sorts the result set in descending order and takes the first record, so you will get the latest record:

select * from mytable
where rownum = 1
order by date desc

Answer 18

Select * from table1 where lastest_date=(select Max(latest_date) from table1 where user=yourUserName)

Inner Query will return the latest date for the current user, Outer query will pull all the data according to the inner query result.

Answer 19

I used this way to take the last record for each user that I have on my table. It was a query to get last location for salesman as per recent time detected on PDA devices.

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.UsersLocation()
RETURNS TABLE
AS
RETURN
Select GS.UserID, MAX(GS.UTCDateTime) 'LastDate'
From USERGPS GS
where year(GS.UTCDateTime) = YEAR(GETDATE()) 
Group By GS.UserID
GO
select  gs.UserID, sl.LastDate, gs.Latitude , gs.Longitude
        from USERGPS gs
        inner join USER s on gs.SalesManNo = s.SalesmanNo 
        inner join dbo.UsersLocation() sl on gs.UserID= sl.UserID and gs.UTCDateTime = sl.LastDate 
        order by LastDate desc

Answer 20

My small compilation

• self join better than nested select
• but group by doesn't give you primary key which is preferable for join
• this key can be given by partition by in conjunction with first_value (docs)

So, here is a query:

select
 t.*
from 
 Table t inner join (
  select distinct first_value(ID) over(partition by GroupColumn order by DateColumn desc) as ID
  from Table
  where FilterColumn = 'value'
 ) j on t.ID = j.ID

Pros:

• Filter data with where statement using any column
• select any columns from filtered rows

Cons:

• Need MS SQL Server starting with 2012.

Answer 21

I did somewhat for my application as it:

Below is the query:

select distinct i.userId,i.statusCheck, l.userName from internetstatus 
as i inner join login as l on i.userID=l.userID 
where nowtime in((select max(nowtime) from InternetStatus group by userID));    

Answer 22

SELECT * FROM TABEL1 WHERE DATE= (SELECT MAX(CREATED_DATE) FROM TABEL1)

Answer 23

You would use aggregate function MAX and GROUP BY

SELECT username, MAX(date), value FROM tablename GROUP BY username, value