This is more of a ruby question than a rails question: everything here is straight ruby.
You can call any command in the shell with backticks, and you get the stdout result in a string as the returned value. eg, in my console.
irb(main):035:0> myvar = `ls -l`
=> "total 688\ndrwxr-xr-x 6 max max 4096 Jul 26 2011 app\n-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 173 Aug 17 2011 Capfile\ndrwxr-xr-x 9 max max 4096 Jun 10 14:35 config\ndrwxr-xr-x 4 max max 4096 May 8 09:37 db\n-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 2914 May 8 09:37 default.gems\ndrwxr-xr-x 5 max max 4096 May 16 2012 doc\n-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 271 Apr 22 16:04 elearning.tm_properties\n-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 0 Aug 17 2011 favicon.ico\ndrwxr-xr-x 8 max max 4096 Nov 28 2013 features\ndrwxr-xr-x 8 max max 4096 Nov 23 2012 index\n-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 614404 May 8 09:37 less\ndrwxr-xr-x 6 max max 4096 Jun 10 16:02 lib\ndrwxr-xr-x 3 max max 4096 May 29 2013 log\ndrwxr-xr-x 31 max max 4096 Jun 5 13:14 public\n-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 307 Jan 22 2013 Rakefile\n-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 4 May 8 09:37 README\n-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 188 Aug 17 2011 README_JAY\ndrwxr-xr-x 10 max max 4096 May 9 12:51 script\ndrwxr-xr-x 6 max max 4096 Apr 22 16:04 spec\ndrwxr-xr-x 2 max max 4096 Aug 17 2011 stories\ndrwxr-xr-x 5 max max 4096 Nov 22 2013 test\ndrwxr-xr-x 8 max max 4096 May 29 11:04 tmp\ndrwxr-xr-x 4 max max 4096 Jul 26 2011 vendor\n"
irb(main):036:0> puts myvar
total 688
drwxr-xr-x 6 max max 4096 Jul 26 2011 app
-rw-r--r-- 1 max max 173 Aug 17 2011 Capfile
drwxr-xr-x 9 max max 4096 Jun 10 14:35 config
drwxr-xr-x 4 max max 4096 May 8 09:37 db
...etc
So, you would run your jar by working out what you would put into the terminal to run the jar, then just putting this in backticks in your app. If running the jar outputs to stdout you will get that back as the result of running the command.
I can't give you an example using your "data things" stuff as i don't understand what you're trying to do there.
EDIT: by the way, you can use the string evaluation syntax #{}
in the backticks text, which allows you to build dynamically generated shell commands. eg
folder = "#{ENV['HOME']}/Downloads"
my_downloads = `ls #{folder}`.split("\n")