JavaScript identifiers can contain any "Unicode Letter", which means
any character in the Unicode categories “Uppercase letter (Lu)”, “Lowercase letter (Ll)”, “Titlecase letter (Lt)”, “Modifier letter (Lm)”, “Other letter (Lo)”, or “Letter number (Nl)”.
Now, what you can do is this:
var \u0394 = 0;
and 0394
is the Unicode value for ∆. Clearly, that's not quite as satisfying, but it is syntactically OK.
edit — as usual SLaks is correct; you can in fact do this:
var Δ = 0;
when you've got the right version of Δ. (In my current font the math version is prettier.)