The general syntax for a select query with where clause is:
SELECT * FROM TABLE_NAME
WHERE COLUMN_NAME = 'PARTICULAR_COLUMN_VALUE';
Where clause is used to filter records that satisfy a particular filter criteria.
For example, You have a table say EMP_TABLE with following structure and records,
EMP_NAME | EMP_NUMBER
NISHA | 3322
GRASHIA | 3696
If you want to fetch all columns of all records that have name as 'NISHA', then your query should be:
SELECT * FROM EMP_TABLE WHERE EMP_NAME = 'NISHA';
*Note: * in the above query can also be expanded as SELECT EMP_NAME, EMP_NUMBER where you can explicitly mention all the column names
If you want to fetch only particular column say emp number of employee 'NISHA' then your query can be:
SELECT EMP_NUMBER FROM EMP_TABLE WHERE EMP_NAME = 'NISHA';
For more reference on Syntax of WHERE CLAUSE