why python int() works like this?

Question

Just randomly tried out this:

>>> int(-1/2)
-1
>>> int(-0.5)
0

why the results are different??

Answer 1

Try this:

>>> -1/2
-1
>>> -0.5
-0.5

The difference is that integer division (the former) results in an integer in some versions of Python, instead of a float like the second number is. You're using int on two different numbers, so you'll get different results. If you specify floats first, you'll see the difference disappear.

>>> -1.0/2.0
-0.5
>>> int(-1.0/2.0)
0
>>> int(-0.5)
0

Answer 2

The difference you see is due to how rounding works in Python. The int() function truncates to zero, as noted in the docs:

If x is floating point, the conversion truncates towards zero.

On the other hand, when both operands are integers, the / acts as though a mathematical floor operation was applied:

Plain or long integer division yields an integer of the same type; the result is that of mathematical division with the ‘floor’ function applied to the result.

So, in your first case, -1 / 2 results, theoretically, in -0.5, but because both operands are ints, Python essentially floors the result, which makes it -1. int(-1) is -1, of course. In your second example, int is applied directly to -0.5, a float, and so int truncates towards 0, resulting in 0.

(This is true of Python 2.x, which I suspect you are using.)

Answer 3

This is a result of two things:

• Python 2.x does integer division when you divide two integers;
• Python uses "Floored" division for negative numbers.

Negative integer division surprising result

http://python-history.blogspot.com/2010/08/why-pythons-integer-division-floors.html

Force at least one number to float, and the results will no longer surprise you.

assert int(-1.0/2) == 0

As others have noted, in Python 3.x the default for division of integers is to promote the result to float if there would be a nonzero remainder from the division.

Answer 4

As TheSoundDefense mentioned, it depends upon the version. In Python 3.3.2:

>>> int(-1/2)
0
>>> int(-0.5)
0

Answer 5

int() command truncates towards 0, unlike floor() which rounds downwards to the next integer. So int(-0.5) is clearly 0.

As for -1/2, actually -1/2 is equal to -1! Therefore rounding downwards to the next integer is -1. In Python 2, -a/b != -(a/b). Actually, -1/2 equals floor(-1.0 / 2.0), which is -1.