How can I combine two Dictionary instances in Swift?

Question

How do I append one Dictionary to another Dictionary using Swift?

I am using the AlamoFire library to send JSON content to a REST server.

Dictionary 1

var dict1: [String: AnyObject] = [
    kFacebook: [
        kToken: token
    ]
]

Dictionary 2

var dict2: [String: AnyObject] = [
    kRequest: [
        kTargetUserId: userId
    ]
]

How do I combine the two dictionaries to make a new dictionary as shown below?

let parameters: [String: AnyObject] = [
    kFacebook: [
        kToken: token
    ],
    kRequest: [
        kTargetUserId: userId
    ]
]

I have tried dict1 += dict2, but I got a compile error:

Binary operator '+=' cannot be applied to two '[String : AnyObject]' operands

Answer 1

I love this approach:

dicFrom.forEach { (key, value) in dicTo[key] = value }

Swift 4 and 5

With Swift 4 Apple introduces a better approach to merge two dictionaries:

let dictionary = ["a": 1, "b": 2]
let newKeyValues = ["a": 3, "b": 4]

let keepingCurrent = dictionary.merging(newKeyValues) { (current, _) in current }
// ["b": 2, "a": 1]

let replacingCurrent = dictionary.merging(newKeyValues) { (_, new) in new }
// ["b": 4, "a": 3]

You have 2 options here (as with most functions operating on containers):

• merge mutates an existing dictionary
• merging returns a new dictionary

Answer 2

var d1 = ["a": "b"]
var d2 = ["c": "e"]

extension Dictionary {
    mutating func merge(dict: [Key: Value]){
        for (k, v) in dict {
            updateValue(v, forKey: k)
        }
    }
}

d1.merge(d2)

Refer to the awesome Dollar & Cent project https://github.com/ankurp/Cent/blob/master/Sources/Dictionary.swift

Answer 3

For Swift >= 2.2:
let parameters = dict1.reduce(dict2) { r, e in var r = r; r[e.0] = e.1; return r }

For Swift < 2.2:
let parameters = dict1.reduce(dict2) { (var r, e) in r[e.0] = e.1; return r }

Swift 4 has a new function: let parameters = dict1.reduce(into: dict2) { (r, e) in r[e.0] = e.1 }

It's really important to dig around the standard library: map, reduce, dropFirst, forEach etc. are staples of terse code. The functional bits are fun!

Answer 4

extension Dictionary {
    static func +=(lhs: inout Self, rhs: Self) {
        lhs.merge(rhs) { _ , new in new }
    }
    static func +=<S: Sequence>(lhs: inout Self, rhs: S) where S.Element == (Key, Value) {
        lhs.merge(rhs) { _ , new in new }
    }
}

---

var dic = ["test1": 1]
dic += ["test2": 2]
dic  // ["test1": 1, "test2": 2]
dic += [("test2", 3),("test3", 4)]
dic  // ["test3": 4, "test1": 1, "test2": 3]

Answer 5

SequenceType.forEach (implemented by Dictionary) provides an elegant solution to add a dictionary's elements to another dictionary.

dic1.forEach { dic2[$0] = $1 }

For example

func testMergeDictionaries() {
    let dic1 = [1:"foo"]
    var dic2 = [2:"bar"]

    dic1.forEach { dic2[$0] = $1 }

    XCTAssertEqual(dic2[1], "foo")
}

Answer 6

My needs were different, I wanted to merge and not clobber.

merging:
    ["b": [1, 2], "s": Set([5, 6]), "a": 1, "d": ["x": 2]]
with
    ["b": [3, 4], "s": Set([6, 7]), "a": 2, "d": ["y": 4]]
yields:
    ["b": [1, 2, 3, 4], "s": Set([5, 6, 7]), "a": 2, "d": ["y": 4, "x": 2]]

I was hoping for a simpler solution, but this is what I ended up with. The challenge was in hopping from dynamic typing to static typing, and I used protocols to solve this.

Also worthy of note is that when you use the dictionary literal syntax, you actually get the foundation types, which do not pick up the protocol extensions. I aborted my efforts to support those as I couldn't find an easy to to validate the uniformity of the collection elements.

import UIKit


private protocol Mergable {
    func mergeWithSame<T>(right: T) -> T?
}



public extension Dictionary {

    /**
    Merge Dictionaries

    - Parameter left: Dictionary to update
    - Parameter right:  Source dictionary with values to be merged

    - Returns: Merged dictionay
    */


    func merge(right:Dictionary) -> Dictionary {
        var merged = self
        for (k, rv) in right {

            // case of existing left value
            if let lv = self[k] {

                if let lv = lv as? Mergable where lv.dynamicType == rv.dynamicType {
                    let m = lv.mergeWithSame(rv)
                    merged[k] = m
                }

                else if lv is Mergable {
                    assert(false, "Expected common type for matching keys!")
                }

                else if !(lv is Mergable), let _ = lv as? NSArray {
                    assert(false, "Dictionary literals use incompatible Foundation Types")
                }

                else if !(lv is Mergable), let _ = lv as? NSDictionary {
                    assert(false, "Dictionary literals use incompatible Foundation Types")
                }

                else {
                    merged[k] = rv
                }
            }

                // case of no existing value
            else {
                merged[k] = rv
            }
        }

        return merged
    }
}




extension Array: Mergable {

    func mergeWithSame<T>(right: T) -> T? {

        if let right = right as? Array {
            return (self + right) as? T
        }

        assert(false)
        return nil
    }
}


extension Dictionary: Mergable {

    func mergeWithSame<T>(right: T) -> T? {

        if let right = right as? Dictionary {
            return self.merge(right) as? T
        }

        assert(false)
        return nil
    }
}


extension Set: Mergable {

    func mergeWithSame<T>(right: T) -> T? {

        if let right = right as? Set {
            return self.union(right) as? T
        }

        assert(false)
        return nil
    }
}



var dsa12 = Dictionary<String, Any>()
dsa12["a"] = 1
dsa12["b"] = [1, 2]
dsa12["s"] = Set([5, 6])
dsa12["d"] = ["c":5, "x": 2]


var dsa34 = Dictionary<String, Any>()
dsa34["a"] = 2
dsa34["b"] = [3, 4]
dsa34["s"] = Set([6, 7])
dsa34["d"] = ["c":-5, "y": 4]


//let dsa2 = ["a": 1, "b":a34]
let mdsa3 = dsa12.merge(dsa34)
print("merging:\n\t\(dsa12)\nwith\n\t\(dsa34) \nyields: \n\t\(mdsa3)")

Answer 7

Try This Approach

    let dict1: [String: AnyObject] = ["kFacebook": ["kToken": "token"]]
    let dict2: [String: AnyObject] = ["kRequest": ["kTargetUserId": "userId"]]

    var combinedAttributes : NSMutableDictionary!

    combinedAttributes = NSMutableDictionary(dictionary: dict1)

    combinedAttributes.addEntriesFromDictionary(dict2)

    println(combinedAttributes)

It will Print Following :

{
kFacebook =     {
    kToken = token;
};
kRequest =     {
    kTargetUserId = userId;
};

}

Hope it helps !!

Answer 8

You can use the below code to combine two dictionary instances in Swift:

extension Dictionary {
    func merge(dict: Dictionary<Key,Value>) -> Dictionary<Key,Value> {
        var mutableCopy = self
        for (key, value) in dict {
            // If both dictionaries have a value for same key, the value of the other dictionary is used.
            mutableCopy[key] = value
        }
        return mutableCopy
    }
}

Answer 9

Why not use reduce:

let combined = dict1.reduce(into: dict2, { partialResult, dict1 in
    partialResult.updateValue(dict1.value, forKey: dict1.key)
})

Complexity
O(n), where n is the length of the sequence.

Answer 10

Swift 4+ solution for merging 2 dictionaries:

let dict1 = ["a": 1, "b": 2]
let dict2 = ["a": 3, "c": 4]

//In case of duplicate keys, values of dict1 will replace dict2
 let result1 = dict1.merging(dict2) { (current, _) in current } //["a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 4]

//In case of duplicate keys, values  of dict2 will replace dict1
 let result2 = dict1.merging(dict2) { (_, new) in new } //["a": 3, "b": 2, "c": 4]

Answer 11

You are using let keyword to declare the dictionary so you can't make the changes to your dictionary as it is used to declare constant.

Change it to var keyword then it will work for you.

var dict1: [String: AnyObject] = [
            kFacebook: [
                kToken: token
            ]
        ]

var dict2: [String: AnyObject] = [
        kRequest: [
            kTargetUserId: userId
        ]
    ]

dict1 += dict2