I'm not sure what you mean by "the D3 object", but things that use closures like the layouts are somewhat monadic (although I wouldn't call the monads). They do encapsulate state that you can modify, and you can get something out of the monad by running them on some data.
Monads are more general than that. In particular, they determine how data can be passed from one component to another, which (D3) closures don't do at all. See also this question.
The same things mentioned in the first answer to the question you've linked to also apply here -- you'd have to show that the API is monadic.