What is the best way to enter numeric values with decimal points?

Question

In my app users need to be able to enter numeric values with decimal places. The iPhone doesn't provides a keyboard that's specific for this purpose - only a number pad and a keyboard with numbers and symbols.

Is there an easy way to use the latter and prevent any non-numeric input from being entered without having to regex the final result?

Thanks!

Answer 1

I think it would be good to point out that as of iOS 4.1 you can use the new UIKeyboardTypeDecimalPad.

So now you just have to:

myTextField.keyboardType=UIKeyboardTypeDecimalPad;

Answer 2

A more elegant solution happens to also be the simplest.

You don't need a decimal separator key

Why? Because you can simply infer it from the user's input. For instance, in the US locale when you what to enter in $1.23, you start by entering the numbers 1-2-3 (in that order). In the system, as each character is entered, this would be recognized as:

• user enters 1: $0.01
• user enters 2: $0.12
• user enters 3: $1.23

Notice how we inferred the decimal separator based on the user's input. Now, if the user wants to enter in $1.00, they would simply enter the numbers 1-0-0.

In order for your code to handle currencies of a different locale, you need to get the maximum fraction digits of the currency. This can be done with the following code snippet:

NSNumberFormatter *currencyFormatter = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init];
[currencyFormatter setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterCurrencyStyle];
int currencyScale = [currencyFormatter maximumFractionDigits];

For example, the Japanese yen has a maximum fraction digit of 0. So, when dealing with yen input, there is no decimal separator and thus no need to even worry about fractional amounts.

This approach to the problem allows you to use the stock numeric input keypad provided by Apple without the headaches of custom keypads, regex validation, etc.

Answer 3

Here is an example for the solution suggested in the accepted answer. This doesn't handle other currencies or anything - in my case I only needed support for dollars, no matter what the locale/currency so this was OK for me:

-(BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range
    replacementString:(NSString *)string {

    double currentValue = [textField.text doubleValue];
    //Replace line above with this
    //double currentValue = [[textField text] substringFromIndex:1] doubleValue];
    double cents = round(currentValue * 100.0f);

    if ([string length]) {
        for (size_t i = 0; i < [string length]; i++) {
            unichar c = [string characterAtIndex:i];
            if (isnumber(c)) {
                cents *= 10;
                cents += c - '0'; 
            }            
        }
    } else {
        // back Space
        cents = floor(cents / 10);
    }

    textField.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.2f", cents / 100.0f];
    //Add this line
    //[textField setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"$%@",[textField text]]];
    return NO;
}

The rounds and floors are important a) because of the floating-point representation sometimes losing .00001 or whatever and b) the format string rounding up any precision we deleted in the backspace part.

Answer 4

I wanted to do exactly the same thing, except with currencies rather than straight decimal values.

I ended up creating a custom view which contains a UITextField and a UILabel. The label covers the text field, but the text field still receives touches. I use the UITextFieldTextDidChange notification to observe changes in the text field (and I used a NSNumberFormatter to turn the resulting number into a formatted currency value) to update the label.

To disable the loupe that allows the user to reposition the insertion point, you'll need to use a custom UITextField subclass and override touchesBegan:withEvent: and set it to do nothing.

My solution might be different from what you need because the decimal point is always fixed -- I use the system's currency setting to determine how many there digits ought to be after the decimal point. However, the numeric keypad doesn't have a decimal point on it. And you can't add any buttons to the keyboard (which is especially aggravating because there's a blank button in the lower-left corner of the keyboard that would be perfect for a decimal point!) So I don't have a solution for that, unfortunately.

Answer 5

Depending on the specific application, providing a slider that the user can select a position from might be a better choice on the iphone. Then no digits need to be entered at all.

Answer 6

You may want to use a slider (as suggested by Martin v. Löwis) or a UIPickerView with a separate wheel for each of the digits.

Answer 7

I built a custom Number pad view controller with decimal point... check it out:

http://sites.google.com/site/psychopupnet/iphone-sdk/tenkeypadcustom10-keypadwithdecimal

Answer 8

As of iOS4.1, there is a new keyboard type UIKeyboardTypeNumberPad, but unfortunately, as of yet it doesn't seem to appear in the Interface Builder pick list.

Answer 9

Here's how to do it without using floats, round() or ceil() in a currency agnostic manner.

In you view controller, set up the following instance variables (with associated @property statements if that's your bag):

@interface MyViewController : UIViewController <UITextFieldDelegate> {
@private
    UITextField *firstResponder;
    NSNumberFormatter *formatter;
    NSInteger currencyScale;
    NSString *enteredDigits;
}

@property (nonatomic, readwrite, assign) UITextField *firstResponder;
@property (nonatomic, readwrite, retain) NSNumberFormatter *formatter;
@property (nonatomic, readwrite, retain) NSString *enteredDigits;

@end

and your viewDidLoad method should contain the following:

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];

    NSNumberFormatter *aFormatter = [[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init];
    [aFormatter setNumberStyle:NSNumberFormatterCurrencyStyle];
    currencyScale = -1 * [aFormatter maximumFractionDigits];
    self.formatter = aFormatter;
    [aFormatter release];
}

Then implement your UITextFieldDelegate methods as follows:

#pragma mark -
#pragma mark UITextFieldDelegate methods

- (void)textFieldDidBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField {
    // Keep a pointer to the field, so we can resign it from a toolbar
    self.firstResponder = textField;
    self.enteredDigits = @"";
}

- (void)textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField {
    if ([self.enteredDigits length] > 0) {
        // Get the amount
        NSDecimalNumber *result = [[NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:self.enteredDigits] decimalNumberByMultiplyingByPowerOf10:currencyScale];
        NSLog(@"result: %@", result);
    }
}

- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string {

    // Check the length of the string
    if ([string length]) {
        self.enteredDigits = [self.enteredDigits stringByAppendingFormat:@"%d", [string integerValue]];
    } else {
        // This is a backspace
        NSUInteger len = [self.enteredDigits length];
        if (len > 1) {
            self.enteredDigits = [self.enteredDigits substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, len - 1)];
        } else {
            self.enteredDigits = @"";
        }
    }

    NSDecimalNumber *decimal = nil;

    if ( ![self.enteredDigits isEqualToString:@""]) {
        decimal = [[NSDecimalNumber decimalNumberWithString:self.enteredDigits] decimalNumberByMultiplyingByPowerOf10:currencyScale];
    } else {
        decimal = [NSDecimalNumber zero];
    }

    // Replace the text with the localized decimal number
    textField.text = [self.formatter stringFromNumber:decimal];

    return NO;  
}

Only tested this with pounds and pence, but it should work with Japanese Yen too. If you want to format decimals for non-currency purposes, then just read the documentation on NSNumberFormatter and set whatever format/maximumFractionDigits you want.

Answer 10

A Swift 2 implementation of Mike Weller's post, also only USD:

 func textField(textField: UITextField, shouldChangeCharactersInRange range: NSRange, replacementString string: String) -> Bool {
    guard let str = textField.text else {
        textField.text = "0.00"
        return false
    }

    let value = (str as NSString).doubleValue

    var cents = round(value * 100)
    if string.characters.count > 0 {
        for c in string.characters {
            if let num = Int(String(c)) {
                cents *= 10
                cents += Double(num)
            }
        }
    }
    else {
        cents = floor(cents / 10)
    }

    textField.text = NSString(format: "%.2f", cents/100) as String

    return false
}

Answer 11

You can use STATextField and set currencyRepresentation to YES which:

Ensures no more than one decimal point is entered and that no more than 2 digits are entered to the right of said decimal point.

There's also STAATMTextField which supports currency mode and ATM text entry by default:

Provides a text field that mimics ATM machine input behavior.