I don't remember when I started seeing URLs without the protocols.
<script src="//jquery.com/jquery.js"></script>
... but I immediately understood. It's great not to have to list the protocol when we don't know what it will be. Unfortunately I don't know what the rules are here.
Is this okay too?
<link href="//stylesheet.com/stylesheet.css" />
What about this?
/* stylesheet.css */
@import url(//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Questrial);
I'm not just looking for the answers here, but where to look to read the definitive guide. And I don't even know what this technique is called.
I don't know what the browser support is or what would happen in a case where the browser didn't support it.
Thanks for the help!
Update
A lot of the answers I was looking for are found on this question.