In a comment to Windows API equivalent to "WMIC QFE Get", Raymond Chen wrote that it is incorrect/useless to test if a hotfix is installed. The correct approach is to ask Windows Update if the hotfix is needed (because the fix might be in a roll-up or service pack). Unfortunately he didn't provide any more details.
I would like to know how to do this from the command line (preferably cmd.exe, not powershell). It might be relevant that the machine concerned is not connected to the Internet and the hotfix file will be included on the installation media.
(There are several similar questions asking how to detect if a hotfix is installed, but these all fall foul of Raymond's advice that this is the wrong approach.)