I'm making my own string class and I'd like to ensure that CString a = "Hello " + "World!"; works (i.e. does not give a compiler error such as: cannot add 2 pointers).
My string class automatically converts to char* when needed and thus writing printf(a) would not break the code.
Is there any way to replace the compiler behavior around characters ? (i.e. between inverted commas, "abc"). Or, alternatively, to change the behavior of the + operator to handle strings?
You can't do exactly that because you can only overload operators for class types, and a string literal does not have class type.
You can take advantage of the concatenation of string literals that takes place during preprocessing:
CString a = "Hello " "World!";
or you can create a CString temporary and append to it:
CString a = CString("Hello ") + "World!";
or you could have a CString constructor that takes more than one argument:
CString a("Hello ", "World!");
No. You cannot overload operators for built-ins, such as pointers.
James McNellis already answered the question, so I won't elaborate.
(I use std::string because I have no info on your in-house string)
Using a typedef will add some sugar to your syntax:
typedef std::string S_ ;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
std::string s = S_("Hello") + S_(" World") ;
std::cout << "s : " << s << std::endl ;
return 0 ;
}
But then, I wouldn't pollute the global namespace with a two-characters symbol just for a little sugar... And as far as I know, the code is inefficient (two string objects created, plus one temporary, without guarantee the compiler will optimize it all away...)
As a curiosity, by wrapping the string into a thin class, you can "add" those two pointers.
First, let's create the wrapper :
class StringThinWrapper
{
public :
StringThinWrapper(const char * p) : m_p(p) {}
operator const char * () const { return m_p ; }
private :
const char * const m_p ;
} ;
As you can see, it's both inlined, and will do nothing... Still, it's able to cast itself into a const char * pointer (this kind of hack is dangerous, so be sure it's what you want to do).
Then, for this wrapper, let's overload the addition operator :
inline std::string operator + (const StringThinWrapper & lhs, const StringThinWrapper & rhs)
{
std::string s(lhs) ;
s += rhs ;
return s ;
}
And now, let's write a main function using the wrapper, typedefed for ease of use :
typedef StringThinWrapper S_ ;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
std::string s = S_("Hello") + S_(" World") ;
std::cout << "s : " << s << std::endl ;
return 0 ;
}
Which compiles and gives the following result :
s : Hello World
Disclaimer: I just wanted to play with the idea your question gave me, and share it with you. Don't apply this kind of code just because you can. Indeed, this code should be refined to cover all cases efficiently before even being used, and even then, a simple typedef std::string S_ ; would be better IMHO.
AFAIK, I wouldn't use it because I'm happy with the current STL API.
In C++0x, you'll be able to create your own literals. The code will be kinda like :
std::string operator "str"(const char * p)
{
return std::string(p);
}
And you'll use it so :
int main(int argc, char * argv[])
{
std::string s = "Hello"str + " World"str ;
std::cout << "s : " << s << std::endl ;
return 0 ;
}
For more information, see the following SO question: What new capabilities do user-defined literals add to C++?.
