Get date of first day of week based on LocalDate.now() in Java 8

Question

I would like the get the date of the first day of the week based on LocalDate.now(). The following was possible with JodaTime, but seems to be removed from the new Date API in Java 8.

LocalDate now = LocalDate.now();
System.out.println(now.withDayOfWeek(DateTimeConstants.MONDAY));

I can not call 'withDayOfWeek()', because it does not exist.

So my question is: How to get the date of the first day of the week based on some LocalDate?

Answer 1

Note that the expression System.out.println(now.with(DayOfWeek.MONDAY)) is locale-independent as it uses ISO-8601, therefore it always jumps backwards to last Monday (or stays on Monday in case date points to Monday already).

As such in US or some other countries - where week starts on Sunday - it may not work as you would expect - now.with(DayOfWeek.MONDAY) will not jump forward to Monday, in case date points to Sunday.

In case you need to address these concerns, it is better to use the localized field WeekFields.dayOfWeek():

LocalDate now = LocalDate.now();
TemporalField fieldISO = WeekFields.of(Locale.FRANCE).dayOfWeek();
System.out.println(now.with(fieldISO, 1)); // 2015-02-09 (Monday)

TemporalField fieldUS = WeekFields.of(Locale.US).dayOfWeek();
System.out.println(now.with(fieldUS, 1)); // 2015-02-08 (Sunday)

Another example due to comments below:

LocalDate ld = LocalDate.of(2017, 8, 18); // Friday as original date

System.out.println(
    ld.with(DayOfWeek.SUNDAY)); // 2017-08-20 (2 days later according to ISO)

// Now let's again set the date to Sunday, but this time in a localized way...
// the method dayOfWeek() uses localized numbering (Sunday = 1 in US and = 7 in France)

System.out.println(ld.with(WeekFields.of(Locale.US).dayOfWeek(), 1L)); // 2017-08-13
System.out.println(ld.with(WeekFields.of(Locale.FRANCE).dayOfWeek(), 7L)); // 2017-08-20

The US-example makes pretty clear that someone residing in US would expect to go to last and not to next Sunday because Sunday is considered as first day of week in US. The simple ISO-based expression with(DayOfWeek.SUNDAY) ignores this localization issue.

Answer 2

Try

System.out.println(now.with(DayOfWeek.MONDAY));

Answer 3

Despite all the previous answers, I still had to dig around to work out what Java8 was doing, so here is what I found to be the most intuitive way of doing it:

LocalDate implements Temporal

with(TemporalField field, long newValue)

Returns an object of the same type as this object with the specified field altered.

So we have to tell it which date part of LocalDate we want to change (DAY_OF_WEEK) and change to what value.

In case you had doubts that the days in the week might be counted from 0 to 6 or from 1 to 7:

    System.out.printf("first day of week (0 or 1) == %d \n",
            ChronoField.DAY_OF_WEEK.range().getMinimum());

first day of week (0 or 1) == 1 

I had to nail down what my JDK was providing for defaults - YMMV:

    System.out.printf("default zone offset==[%s]\n",
            ZoneId.systemDefault());
    System.out.printf("1st day of week==%s\n",
            WeekFields.of(Locale.getDefault()).getFirstDayOfWeek());

default zone offset==[Europe/London]
1st day of week==MONDAY

So if I execute some code based on these defaults, like so:

    LocalDate localDate = LocalDate.now();
    System.out.printf("localDate == %s \n", localDate);
    System.out.printf("localdate first day of week == %s (%s) \n",
            localDate.with(ChronoField.DAY_OF_WEEK, 1),
            localDate.with(ChronoField.DAY_OF_WEEK, 1).getDayOfWeek());

localDate == 2017-10-24 
localdate first day of week == 2017-10-23 (MONDAY) 

then Java goes with ChronoField.DAY_OF_WEEK which not only defines which part of the date we want to alter, but also how to alter it.

So if we want our code to deal with whatever the user specifies as the first day of the week, we create our own definition of how week-based calculations are meant to be done, using the WeekFields.of() factory method.

Using this we can pass in our own dayOfWeek parameter to with() to do the date calculation the way we want:

    TemporalField myWeek = WeekFields.of(DayOfWeek.SUNDAY, 1).dayOfWeek();
    System.out.printf("configured localdate first day of week == %s (%s) \n",
            localDate.with(myWeek, 1),
            localDate.with(myWeek, 1).getDayOfWeek());

configured localdate first day of week == 2017-10-22 (SUNDAY) 

For more insight, have a look at the code in LocalDate.with(), it's quite interesting.

Answer 4

It works for me in case if I want to get Monday as a first day of current week:

LocalDate mondayDate = LocalDate.now().with(WeekFields.of(Locale.FRANCE).getFirstDayOfWeek());

Answer 5

Thanks to come from in this question.

Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance();
        cal.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 0); // ! clear would not reset the hour of day !
        cal.clear(Calendar.MINUTE);
        cal.clear(Calendar.SECOND);
        cal.clear(Calendar.MILLISECOND);

        // get start of this week in milliseconds
        cal.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK, cal.getFirstDayOfWeek());
        System.out.println("Start of this week:       " + cal.getTime());
        System.out.println("... in milliseconds:      " + cal.getTimeInMillis());

Answer 6

The LocalDate doesn't seem to have this, but WeekFields (which is from the java-8 API) does (here). So you can do this:

WeekFields.of(Locale.getDefault()).firstDayOfWeek.value

This returns the value of the first day of week, starting from 1 as Monday, ending with 7 as Sunday.

Example of usage (in Kotlin), to get a new LocalDate that has the dayOfWeek be set, going backward in time instead of forward:

/**@param targetDayOfWeek day of week to go to, starting from 1 as Monday (and 7 is Sunday) */
fun LocalDate.minusDaysToDayOfWeek(targetDayOfWeek: Int = WeekFields.of(Locale.getDefault()).firstDayOfWeek.value): LocalDate {
    //conversion so that Sunday is 0, Monday is 1, etc:
    val diffDays = (dayOfWeek.value % 7) - (targetDayOfWeek % 7)
    val result = when {
        diffDays == 0 -> this
        diffDays < 0 -> minusDays((7 + diffDays).toLong())
        else -> minusDays(diffDays.toLong())
    }
    return result
}

Example inputs-outputs :

2017-12-31 -> 2017-12-31
2018-01-01 -> 2017-12-31
2018-01-02 -> 2017-12-31
2018-01-03 -> 2017-12-31
2018-01-04 -> 2017-12-31
2018-01-05 -> 2017-12-31
2018-01-06 -> 2017-12-31
2018-01-07 -> 2018-01-07
2018-01-08 -> 2018-01-07
2018-01-09 -> 2018-01-07
2018-01-10 -> 2018-01-07
2018-01-11 -> 2018-01-07
2018-01-12 -> 2018-01-07
2018-01-13 -> 2018-01-07
2018-01-14 -> 2018-01-14
2018-01-15 -> 2018-01-14

And here's a sample function to go forward in time to the target day of week:

fun LocalDate.plusDaysToDayOfWeek(targetDayOfWeek: Int = getLastDayOfWeek()): LocalDate {
    val diffDays = (targetDayOfWeek % 7) - (dayOfWeek.value % 7)
    val result = when {
        diffDays == 0 -> this
        diffDays < 0 -> plusDays((7 + diffDays).toLong())
        else -> plusDays(diffDays.toLong())
    }
    return result
}

/**@return the  last day of week, when 1 is Monday ... 7 is Sunday) */
@JvmStatic
fun getLastDayOfWeek(firstDayOfWeek: DayOfWeek = WeekFields.of(Locale.getDefault()).firstDayOfWeek): Int {
    return when (firstDayOfWeek) {
        DayOfWeek.MONDAY -> DayOfWeek.SUNDAY.value
        else -> firstDayOfWeek.value - 1
    }
}

BTW, weird thing is that I think the code behind the scenes of the new API actually uses Calendar class anyway...

In case you hate using the dayOfWeek as used for LocalDate (as I do), and you prefer the one used with Calendar, you can use these simple converters:

fun DayOfWeek.toCalendarDayOfWeek(): Int {
    return when (this) {
        DayOfWeek.SATURDAY -> Calendar.SATURDAY
        else -> (this.value + 1) % 7
    }
}

@JvmStatic
fun convertLocalDateDayOfWeekToCalendarDayOfWeek(localDateDayOfWeek: Int): Int {
    return when (localDateDayOfWeek) {
        DayOfWeek.SATURDAY.value -> Calendar.SATURDAY
        else -> (localDateDayOfWeek + 1) % 7
    }
}

@JvmStatic
fun convertFromCalendarDayOfWeekToLocalDateDayOfWeek(calendarDayOfWeek: Int): Int {
    return when (calendarDayOfWeek) {
        Calendar.SUNDAY -> DayOfWeek.SUNDAY.value
        else -> calendarDayOfWeek - 1
    }
}

Answer 7

As the correct Answer by Ray says, you can call with and pass the DayOfWeek enum.

Time zone

Note that time zone is crucial in determining the date of "today". At any moment the date varies by where you are standing on the globe.

ZoneId zoneId = ZoneId.of ( "America/Montreal" );
LocalDate firstDayOfThisWeek = LocalDate.now ( zoneId ).with ( DayOfWeek.MONDAY );

If you do not specify a time zone, the JVM’s current default time zone is silently applied. Beware: That default can change at any moment during runtime! Better to specify your desired/expected time zone.

ZonedDateTime

You can apply a time zone (a ZoneId) to your LocalDate to get a ZonedDateTime representing the first moment of the week.

ZonedDateTime thisWeekStart = firstDayOfThisWeek.atStartOfDay ( zoneId );

Answer 8

LocalDate.now( ZoneId.systemDefault()).with( TemporalAdjusters.previousOrSame( DayOfWeek.MONDAY ) );

This return the first monday of current week (considering if today is monday)

Answer 9

With Joda Time, what do you think of

now.toString("EEEE", locale)

Answer 10

public void getWeekFromADateOfAMonth(){
    String date = "2019-01-02T18:25:43.511Z";
    TemporalField fieldISO = WeekFields.of(Locale.US).dayOfWeek();
    ZonedDateTime dateTime = ZonedDateTime.parse(date);

    int week = dateTime.get ( IsoFields.WEEK_OF_WEEK_BASED_YEAR );
    int weekYear = dateTime.get ( IsoFields.WEEK_BASED_YEAR );

    System.out.println ( "now: " + dateTime + " is week: " + week + " of weekYear: " + weekYear );

    int startDate = dateTime.with(fieldISO,1).getDayOfMonth();
    int endDate = dateTime.with(fieldISO,7).getDayOfMonth();

    String startMonth = String.valueOf(dateTime.with(fieldISO,1).getMonth());
    String endMonth = String.valueOf(dateTime.with(fieldISO,7).getMonth());
}